noun:

• pasturing cattle in summer and feeding them indoors during winter; rotated grazing - four character idiom ➜ 夏山冬里方式

expression:

• good scholars are seldom rich - four character idiom

noun / ~の noun:

• pseudo-scholar; fake scholar; would-be expert - four character idiom

noun:

• expression of one's feelings; pouring out one's heart - four character idiom

noun:

• current era of excessive eating; era in which there is more than enough food; age of plenty; age of plentiful food - four character idiom

noun / ~する noun:

• suddenly seeing the light; it suddenly dawning upon one - four character idiom ➜ 豁然大悟

noun / ~する noun:

• to feel sudden remorse - four character idiom

noun:

• (gen. of a woman) loving two or more partners without favour - four character idiom

noun:

• information on space availability in a parking lot (car park) - four character idiom

noun:

• industry-university cooperation - four character idiom

noun:

• between times; when there's a spare moment - four character idiom

noun / ~の noun:

• (appropriate for) one's age - four character idiom

noun / adjectival noun / ~の noun:

• aesthetic sense in Japanese art emphasising quiet simplicity and subdued refinement - four character idiom ➜ 侘寂

noun:

• shameless man; knave - four character idiom

noun:

• sophist; quibbler - four character idiom

noun:

• role-playing - four character idiom

noun:

• female emperor of Japan (historical or postulated) - four character idiom

noun:

• matrilineal emperor of Japan; emperor (either male or female) whose mother is (was) a member of the Imperial family but whose father is (was) not - four character idiom ➜ 女性天皇

noun:

• Buddhist revelation through intuitive discernment; Spiritual awakening cannot be experienced with words and letters; Spiritual enlightenment can be attained only by means of communion of mind with mind (Zen Buddhism) - four character idiom ➜ 不立文字

noun / ~の noun:

• sudden, wide-spread drop in prices - four character idiom

noun:

• divorce of a couple who have been married for a long time (often brought on by retirement of the husband) - colloquialism - four character idiom

adjectival noun / ~の noun / ~たる adjective / ~と adverb / noun:

• rising above the trivia of life and remaining calm and selfless - archaism - four character idiom

noun:

• land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took 40% of the year's crop and the farmers kept 60% - archaism - four character idiom

noun:

• land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took half of the year's crop and the farmers kept the other half - archaism - four character idiom

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• keeping calm and collected at times of disappoinment; maintaining a serene state of mind in adversity - archaism - four character idiom