noun:

• baby talk (used in talking to young children)

auxiliary verb / godan ~る verb:

• to (seem) eager to; to want to; to be anxious to - not used in the first person; たい with がる affixed ➜ たい・がる

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to stick to; to cling to; to adhere to

godan ~む verb:

• to cling to; to stick to; to be wedded to

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be renewed; to change ［改まる］
• to be improved; to be reformed; to be revised; to be corrected ［改まる］
• to stand on ceremony; to be formal ［改まる］
• to take a turn for the worse (of an illness); to take a serious turn

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to trample down; to crush underfoot; to kick down
• to avoid paying (e.g. a debt); to jump (a bill); to bilk; to shirk

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to stub out (e.g. a cigarette); to crush out; to smother (fire)
• to hush up; to cover up; to stifle; to suppress

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to breathe out; to breathe
• to tell (a lie); to use (foul language)
• to vomit; to throw up; to spit up ➜ 吐く【はく】

noun:

• southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south) - archaism - derogatory term
• South-East Asia - archaism
• Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies) - archaism ➜ 紅毛

prefix:

• exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)

noun:

• (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm) - usu.ナンバ
• food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions - abbreviation ➜ 南蛮煮【なんばんに】

noun:

• former residence status in Japan for foreign students in Japanese language schools and vocational schools (abolished in 2010)

noun:

• makizushi comprising mackerel fillet marinated in salt and vinegar, wrapped in rice and covered in shredded kombu - Food term

expression / ichidan verb:

• to run aground; to strike a rock; to be stranded on a reef
• to reach a deadlock; to come to a standstill; to run into difficulties; to hit a snag

noun / ~の noun:

• other (place, thing, person); the rest
• outside; beyond - esp. 外 - usually written using kana alone

adverbial noun:

• nothing except; nothing but; nothing apart from; nothing aside from; no choice (but to) - as 〜ほか〜ない, usu. after より or the dictionary form of a verb - usually written using kana alone ➜ ほかない
• besides...; in addition to... - often as ほかに

~する verb (spec.) / transitive:

• to imitate; to copy; to mimic
• to enter someone as a candidate
• to press (e.g. a weapon against someone's back)
• to compare; to liken

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to imitate; to copy; to mimic ➜ 擬する
• to enter someone as a candidate
• to press (e.g. a weapon against someone's back)
• to compare; to liken

expression / godan ~ぐ verb:

• to pour oil on (something); to anoint with oil ➜ 火に油を注ぐ【ひにあぶらをそそぐ】
• to turn up; to add fuel (e.g. to a dispute); to rev up; to encourage

noun:

• that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly) ➜ 何れ・此れ・其れ
• that person (used to refer to one's equals or inferiors)
• over there - archaism
• down there (i.e. one's genitals) ［あれ］ - colloquialism
• period; menses ［あれ］ - colloquialism

interjection:

• hey (expression of surprise, suspicion, etc.); huh?; eh?

noun:

• that (something mentioned before which is distant psychologically or in terms of time)

noun / ~する noun:

• success in life; advancement in life; rising in the world - four character idiom

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to all come in (e.g. teeth); to all come out (e.g. seedlings, flowers)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to throw down; to throw out; to stretch out (one's legs)
• to abandon; to resign
• to give freely; to give generously; to sacrifice (e.g. one's life)
• to start to throw

noun:

• an ideal topography for the four Taoist gods, with a river in the east, a broad avenue in the west, a basin in the south, and a hill in the north - four character idiom

expression / adverb:

• in all parts of the world; in all countries; anywhere in the world; both in the Occident and the Orient

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to crush to death; to stifle to death; to squeeze to death
• to stifle (a laugh, etc.); to muffle (one's breathing); to subdue (one's voice); to conceal (e.g. one's emotions)

noun / suffix noun:

• bodhisattva; one who has reached enlightenment but vows to save all beings before becoming a buddha - Buddhism term
• High Monk (title bestowed by the imperial court)
• title bestowed to Shinto kami in manifestation theory ➜ 本地垂迹説

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to straddle; to sit astride; to mount
• to extend over; to spread over; to span; to extend into