noun:

• the four cardinal directions; north, east, south and west; all directions
• surroundings ［しほう・よほう］
• many countries; the whole world ［しほう］
• all around; here and there ［よも］
• square; quadrilateral; four-sided figure ［しほう・よほう］
• four sides (of a square)

suffix:

• through; throughout; in the course of
• all over or throughout (e.g. a place)

adjectival noun / ~の noun / noun:

• fastidiousness; enthusiasm for one thing; meticulousness; monomania; obsession
• susceptibility for a stiffening of the shoulders

noun:

• reader (person)
• person who reads the cards (in karuta games) ➜ 取り手
• composer (of a poem) - also written as 詠み手 ➜ 詠み手【よみて】

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to look out over (far into the distance); to command a view of

noun:

• salt
• crest of a wave; flowerlike patterns on waves in the Japan Sea in winter

noun:

• rule allowing the clear winner of a bout to touch down first to avoid injury - Sumo term

noun:

• shrine
• palace; imperial residence
• member of the imperial family - honorific language
• headboard (on a bed); headstand
• temple - archaism

noun:

• headliner
• latter half of a formal tea ceremony (in which the tea is actually consumed) ➜ 初座

noun:

• outer-rise earthquake; earthquake in the region seaward of a deep-sea trench

expression:

• come!; imperative form of the verb "kuru" ("to come"), expressing a command or strong request ➜ 来る【くる】

noun:

• taking the entrance examination for a school without regard for one's chances of passing

noun:

• a question (an issue) of where responsibility (liability) lies; a question of who is responsible (to blame) - four character idiom

noun:

• pigeon seen on the morning of the New Year (e.g. as one is going to the shrine or temple for the New Year prayers)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to ascend; to go up; to climb
• to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the sun); to rise - usu. 昇る
• to go to (the capital)
• to be promoted
• to add up to
• to advance (in price)
• to swim up (a river); to sail up
• to come up (on the agenda)

noun:

• carry-back; bringing the ball back to one's own position (in rugby) - Sports term
• carryback; carrying over a deduction or credit from a prior year to the current year (to reduce income tax) - Economics term

noun / ~の noun:

• the best in the land; the best of its kind in the country; par excellence in the whole country - four character idiom

noun:

• tongue
• tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)

noun:

• sense of language
• feeling of a word; impression a word makes; nuance

noun / ~する noun:

• cancelling a meeting; adjournment of a meeting (due to lack of attendance)

noun:

• end of a road; end of a street

noun:

• Japanese garden juniper; dwarf Japanese garden juniper; Juniperus procumbens; J. chinensis var. procumbens ➜ 這柏槇

noun:

• autumn fern (Dryopteris erythrosora); Japanese shield fern; Japanese wood fern; copper shield fern

noun:

• Imperial New Year's Lectures (ceremony in which the emperor and members of the imperial family Their Majesties listen to expert lectures in the fields of human, social and natural sciences)

noun:

• Bellows Festival; festival for blacksmiths and foundries on the eighth day of the eleventh month of the lunar calendar, on which they would clean their bellows and pray