noun:

• (fixing) boundaries for religious practices - Buddhism term
• prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice) - Buddhism term
• fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple - Buddhism term
• short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store - archaism ➜ 帳場格子
• barrier; dimensional barrier; containment zone; containment barrier; mystical barrier - esp. in games, manga, etc. - colloquialism

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to assume the posture of praying; to press the palms and fingers of both hands together; to do reverence (e.g. before a statue of the Buddha); to pay one's respects
• to beg; to make a supplication
• to see (something or someone of high status) - sometimes used sarcastically in modern Japanese - humble language

noun / ~の noun:

• red and white; colours for festive or auspicious occasions (colors)

noun:

• two teams; two groups
• Red and White singing contest; annual contest between male and female popular singers on New Year's Eve (sponsored and broadcast by NHK) - abbreviation ➜ 紅白歌合戦【こうはくうたがっせん】

expression / godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to challenge (esp. in a lawsuit); to take on an opponent (in negotiations, contest, etc.)

noun:

• wooden mosaic work; parquetry; wooden mosaic (e.g. on a piece of furniture); marquetry; marqueterie

noun:

• one's mind; one's inner feelings; (a decision hinging on) how someone feels about it - four character idiom

noun:

• the problem (at issue); the point at issue; problematic issue; problem

noun / ~する noun:

• condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.)
• condensation (of a vapour or gas) - Physics term

noun:

• unlawful detention (of shipping); unlawful occupation (of a house or land)

noun / ~する noun:

• to bear fruit; to produce fruit or vegetables (for a plant)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to groan; to moan
• to roar; to howl; to growl
• to hum (engine, wind, etc.); to buzz; to whiz; to sough; to make a low, dull sound
• to ooh and aah (in admiration)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to sing in a strong, low voice (esp. traditional chant or recitation)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be about to burst; to overflow

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to follow suit; to imitate or follow someone blindly
• to ride on someone's back; to ride someone's coattails; to take advantage (e.g. of another's popularity)

noun:

• projecting part (of a headland, etc.) ［出っ鼻］ ➜ 出鼻
• moment of departure; (on the) point of going out ➜ 出端
• outset; start; beginning ➜ 出端

noun:

• holy mother; birth mother of a holy man (or woman)
• Virgin Mary

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to go past (a place or thing); to go beyond

suffix / ~する verb (irregular):

• to take a view or perspective; to regard as; to consider to be

noun:

• ground squirrel (esp. a ground squirrel of North America or Africa)

adverb / noun:

• sounding of a drum or hand drum; sound of drums - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun:

• full (stomach); bursting - onomatopoeia

noun:

• female bragging; female conceit
• a man bragging about his wife or mistress ➜ 男自慢

noun:

• every word and act; just a word or an act - four character idiom

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to borrow; to have a loan; to hire; to rent; to buy on credit

noun:

• board; plank
• sheet (of metal); plate (of glass); pane; slab
• cutting board; chopping board ➜ 俎板
• chef (esp. of high-end Japanese cuisine); cook - usu. as 板さん - abbreviation ➜ 板前・板場【いたば】
• stage (i.e. at a theatre)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to cause; to induce; to bring about a result or state; to produce

noun / ~の noun:

• being one or more laps behind (in a race)
• being behind the times

noun / suffix noun:

• direction; orientation; aspect; exposure

suffix noun:

• suited to; suitable for; designed for

noun:

• tendency; inclination
• nature (of a request or desire)
• person