noun:

• makizushi comprising mackerel fillet marinated in salt and vinegar, wrapped in rice and covered in shredded kombu - Food term

noun:

• fate; destiny
• connection; tie; bond; origin
• pretext; justification
• hetu and prataya (direct causes and indirect conditions, which underlie the actions of all things) - Buddhism term

noun:

• puzzle ring; wire puzzle
• exercise where students link crossed hands in a circle and try working together and without letting go

noun:

• guarana (tree); Paullinia cupana
• guarana (seed extract as an ingredient used in stamina drinks and foods for restorative and stimulant effect)

noun:

• Abenomics; economic and monetary policies of Shinzo Abe, 90th and 96th prime minister of Japan, during his second term

noun:

• New Year ornament (usu. of straw, fern leaves, seaweed and bitter orange fruit, and hung at the entrance of a home)

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to be confused; to be in disorder; to be chaotic; to be crowded ➜ ごたごた
• to have troubles; to be in a dispute; to argue; to be entangled (in a situation) ➜ ごたごた

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to include (in a group or scope)
• to instruct; to make one understand
• to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication)
• to put in (someone's) mouth
• to permeate with flavor

noun:

• cinnabar; vermillion; red; slightly-orange red
• red pigment (and ink made from same)
• red text (as used to correct documents)

noun:

• nasal plug
• wedge (in tusk mortise-and-tenon joint); wooden pin driven through tenon to hold it in place - Architecture term

noun:

• Dear (so and so); Dear Sir; Dear Madam; To Whom It May Concern - letters beginning with this typically end with 敬具

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to be fickle; to be frivolous; to be flippant; to be flighty; to be giddy; to be restless

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to mistake one thing for another; to mix up two things; to confuse two things; to take by mistake
• to misunderstand; to misapprehend

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to insert
• to interrupt; to slip in a word
• to harbor (e.g. doubts); to harbour; to entertain (e.g. a theory)

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be attentive to small details
• to be attentive to others (or others' concerns)
• to have one's mind turn groundlessly to something negative

expression / ichidan verb:

• to raise one's hand or hands - usu. 手を挙げる
• to surrender - usu. 手を上げる
• to raise a hand to someone (as a threat to strike) - usu. 手を上げる
• to improve - usu. 手を上げる ➜ 腕を上げる

godan ~す verb:

• to drive mad; to make insane
• to cause a malfunction; to put out of order; to throw out of kilter
• to derail (a plan, etc.)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to anger; to displease; to offend
• to square (one's shoulders); to make stern (e.g. eyes); to raise (one's voice) in anger

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to curry favour; to butter up; to fawn over; to humour someone (humor); to put in a good mood (e.g. a baby) - obscure term ➜ 機嫌を取る

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to curry favour; to butter up; to fawn over; to humour someone (humor); to put in a good mood (e.g. a baby) - obscure term ➜ 機嫌をとる

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to hold fast to one's ways; to be overly conservative; to not get with the times; to guard the tree stub [literal] - from a fable appearing in the Han Feizi - idiom

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to occupy; to hold
• to account for; to make up; to take up

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to come off; to be worn off
• to fade; to discolor; to discolour

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to split; to tear; to burst; to be separated; to be divided

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to detach; to decapitate; to cut loose; to let loose; to dismember