noun:

• merchant; trader
• expert (professional) in a given trade or profession; shrewd businessman; expert
• woman working in the nightlife business (bar or nightclub hostess, geisha, etc.); demimondaine ➜ 商売女・水商売

noun:

• diligence in studying (e.g. continuing to study even in such poor light as offered by a firefly or that reflected by snow); diligent study

suffix noun:

• -like; pseudo-; mock ...; imitation ...; in the style of ...

noun:

• comical character who mocks or apes the main character (in Japanese performing arts)
• criticism; censure - archaism

noun:

• very bad condition; awful state; terrible situation; in the shit - usu. as どつぼにはまる ➜ どつぼにはまる
• night-soil reservoir dug in a field ➜ 野壺【のつぼ】
• night-soil pot - orig. meaning
• earthenware vessel; earthen urn - obscure term

noun:

• cold wind descending from the mountains
• cold Pacific wind (in the Tōhoku region in summer)

noun:

• first year (pupil) in junior middle school; second year (pupil) in lower secondary school ➜ 中学校

adverb / ~と adverb:

• all together in a line; all together in a lump - archaism - onomatopoeia
• dressed sloppily; overdressed for the occasion

noun:

• iai; art of drawing one's sword, cutting down one's opponent and sheathing the sword afterwards ➜ 居合い
• iai sword-drawing performance (used during the Edo period to sell medicine and other wares)

noun:

• being carried away by a current
• drowning in a river; person who drowned in a river
• cancellation; standing up; breaking a promise

noun:

• (in Japan) 3rd note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. E) ➜ 十二律・太簇
• (in gagaku) scale similar to the Dorian mode on E ➜ 律旋・六調子

noun:

• mob; crowd of people
• background character (in a manga, anime, etc.); mob (in a video game); non-playable character ［モブ］

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to remove the astringent taste from persimmons
• to soak in water; to steep in water ［さわす］
• to matte (with black lacquer) ［さわす］

noun:

• female role (e.g. in film); female part
• occupation deemed fit for a woman
• passive role in a male homosexual relationship - slang

noun:

• fleeing in all directions; (in Japanese history, a reference to) farmers who abandoned their fields and fled to the cities or other districts to evade onerous taxes

godan ~く verb:

• to recover one's strength; to recover one's spirit; to revive; to be refreshed; to be invigorated; to be encouraged

noun:

• mom's home cooking; taste of mom's cooking; taste of home cooking; food like mom used to make

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to bring forward (e.g. by 3 hours); to advance; to hasten (e.g. one's death); to expedite; to precipitate - usu. 早める
• to quicken (e.g. one's step); to speed up; to accelerate - usu. 速める

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to change; to alter
• to mistake; to make a mistake
• to fail to keep (e.g. one's promise) ➜ たがえる・たがえる
• to dislocate (e.g. one's neck)

noun:

• difference in elevation (between two points in a body of water); head; drop (e.g. of a waterfall); fall distance
• difference; gap

expression:

• the difference between truth and fiction in art being very subtle; Art abides in a realm that is neither truth nor fiction - four character idiom

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to plant oneself; to settle in
• to be well-established (e.g. of a religion in a particular area); to have taken root

noun:

• component; factor; item (e.g. in list)
• element (e.g. in array); member (e.g. data structure) - IT term

noun:

• (excelling in) one area or skill; (being skilled or gifted in) one certain area - four character idiom

noun:

• flipping a table over in anger; overturning a table in anger ➜ ちゃぶ台

expression / ichidan verb:

• to act as one; to act in concert; to keep pace; to stay in step ➜ 歩調を揃える