noun:

• book or scroll that has been handed down through generations; book of secrets
• delivering a letter

noun:

• battle standard decorated with hanging strips of paper or leather
• fireman's standard (Edo period)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze - esp. 絞る
• to squeeze (fruit to extract juice); to press; to extract; to milk; to express milk - esp. 搾る
• to rack (one's brains); to strain (one's voice)
• to extort; to exploit
• to chew out; to reprimand severely; to rake over the coals; to give a sound scolding; to tell someone off; to scold; to rebuke - often passive voice ➜ 油を絞る
• to drill into; to train
• to narrow down (one's focus); to whittle down
• to gather up (curtain, etc.); to tighten (drawstring)
• to stop down (lens)
• to turn down (e.g. radio)
• to bend (bow); to draw
• to hold down; to constrict; to immobilize - Sumo term

noun:

• food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations; food supply

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to misperceive visually; to misread; to mistake for something or somebody else

noun:

• meat substitute; meat analogue
• cheaper meat used in place of beef or pork

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to give out an odor, scent or perfume (odour); to suggest; to insinuate

noun:

• place to go; person to turn to or depend on; one's resort

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to cross the ocean (i.e. to go to or come from overseas)

godan ~つ verb:

• to pierce through; to stand (of something sharp or pointy); to thrust (up)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to backfire; to produce a result opposite to what was expected or intended

noun:

• (a) mood; (a) smile or a frown - four character idiom

noun / ~する noun:

• revelation; manifestation; appearance
• expression (e.g. in molecular biology - protein expression or gene expression)

noun:

• dealing fully (with); going into (issue, etc.); stepping into; breaking or rushing into
• alcove

noun:

• stake all (on something); play for all or nothing; throwing all into a task - four character idiom

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to put into written form; to communicate or express by writing; to chronicle

noun:

• paper for fans or parasols (cut in a fan shape)
• ground paper; backing paper

noun:

• leaving something as it is (after taking it out or turning it on)

noun:

• parenthood; parent or someone with children on the way (esp. an expecting mother)
• (of a fish) containing roe (eggs)

noun:

• luxury grocery item (e.g. alcohol, coffee, tea, tobacco); indulgence; something consumed for taste or stimulant effect rather than nourishment

noun:

• one's course of action; deciding what to do with oneself, whether staying in the present position or leaving it - four character idiom

noun:

• Siebold's wild ginger (esp. its dried root or rhizome, used as an antitussive and analgesic in traditional Chinese medicine) ➜ 薄葉細辛

noun:

• long interlude (in folk songs or koto music)
• wiles (e.g. used by a prostitute to lure customers); finesse; trick

noun:

• cordon bleu; dish of veal or ham with Swiss cheese - Food term
• high-class cooking
• prize-winning chef

suffix noun / noun:

• appearing ...; looking ... - usu. after the -masu stem of a verb ➜ 様だ
• way to ...; method of ...ing - usu. after the -masu stem of a verb
• form; style; design - usu. after a noun
• like; similar to - usu. after a noun ➜ 様だ

noun:

• thing (thought or spoken)