noun:

• turnout (of people)
• start (e.g. race, campaign, term of office)
• constant forward movement; initial charge; dash - Sumo term

noun / ~する noun:

• preliminary inspection; having a look in advance
• preparatory read-through (e.g. of lesson notes)

noun:

• siding (on a house); clapboard; weatherboard ➜ 下見板【したみいた】

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to plan; to plot; to propose; to design; to intend; to contemplate
• to attempt (e.g. suicide, murder); to undertake (e.g. business)
• to stand on tip-toes - archaism

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to shut; to close; to lock; to fasten
• to block (e.g. the way); to shut off; to shut in
• to plunge (in grief) ［とざす］

noun / ~する noun:

• tye-dye; tye-dyeing
• aperture (e.g. camera, iris of the eye); aperture stop; stop
• contraction; squeezing; choke

interjection:

• goodbye; so long; farewell ➜ さようなら

noun / ~する noun:

• saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; parting with

noun or verb acting prenominally:

• farewell (performance, party, etc.); final; last; game-winning (e.g. hit)

noun:

• red bean paste; red bean jam; anko
• filling (e.g. of a manjū) ➜ 饅頭
• stuffing; padding

noun:

• visit; call
• arrival (e.g. of spring); advent; coming; appearance
• news; tidings; word

~する noun / adverb / ~と adverb:

• to be careless; to be inattentive; to be absentminded; to be slow - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun / ~する noun / adverb:

• long and disheveled (e.g. hair) (dishevelled) - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

• flaring up (fire); rising (e.g. steam) - onomatopoeia - archaism

noun / adjectival noun:

• mincing; chopping finely

adjectival noun / noun:

• short and repeated (movements) (e.g. trembling, stepping quickly)
• gradual; bit by bit; little by little

noun:

• bodyguard; bouncer; guard
• bar (e.g. on a door); bolt
• stick or pole used for self-defence - orig. meaning

noun / suffix noun:

• kneading; gloss; tempering

noun or verb acting prenominally / noun:

• paste (e.g. bean paste, mustard paste)

noun:

• parading of portable shrines and floats at festivals - orig. 邌り, usu. お練り - Shintō term ➜ 練り歩く【ねりあるく】・お練り【おねり】

noun / ~する noun:

• writing
• entry (e.g. to a form)
• posting (e.g. to a blog)

particle:

• yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it? - used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)
• or; whether or not - after each alternative
• some- (e.g. something, someone) - after an interrogative ➜ 何か
• hmm; huh - indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles ➜ とか

prefix:

• very - emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective ➜ か弱い

suffix:

• -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y - suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word ➜ 定か

adverb:

• in that way - archaism

adjective:

• terrible; dreadful - colloquialism ➜ 凄い
• amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); wonderful; terrific - colloquialism ➜ 凄い
• to a great extent; vast (in numbers) - colloquialism ➜ 凄い

noun:

• one sheet; one page; one leaf
• one block of tofu; one serving (in a restaurant)
• one long and narrow thing (e.g. guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc.) - also written as 一挺, 一梃
• one cho (unit of distance, 109.09 m)
• one game; one task

adverbial noun:

• well then; come then

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to fill in (field, entry, etc.); to fill out (form)
• to post a message (e.g. on a bulletin-board)
• to store

noun:

• heel
• heel (e.g. in pro-wrestling); bad guy; player of villain roles

~する noun:

• heal

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to eat; to drink; to wolf; to knock back - vulgar
• to receive (e.g. a blow)
• to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)

noun:

• egg white ➜ 黄身
• white-fleshed fish (e.g. tai, hirame, karei); white meat; fatty meat ➜ 赤身
• sapwood

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to slip on (slippers, sandals, etc.)
• to hit (e.g. one's leg) against; to bash into
• to push (one's opponent) down before he stands up - Sumo term

noun:

• effectiveness; efficacy; efficaciousness - 効き often refers to medicine

suffix noun / prefix noun:

• dominance (e.g. of left or right hand) ［利き］

noun:

• tasting (alcohol, tea, etc.) ［利き］ ➜ 聞き【きき】

noun:

• exception; supernumerary; extra (theatrical)

~の noun:

• extra (e.g. performance, item, object, etc.); additional
• outsize

adjectival noun:

• honest; respectable

noun:

• respectable occupation (i.e. not yakuza, prostitute, etc.)
• person in a respectable occupation

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to knock down; to tear down; to level; to raze
• to crush (e.g. enemy); to throw into confusion
• to refute; to pick apart; to undermine