godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to take for granted; to assume
• to pretend (to be); to act as if one were ...; to fancy oneself as being
• to do intentionally; to persist in doing

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to act as an opposite; to form a counterpart; to act as a twin

godan ~る verb (irregular):

• to also be (implies that as well as the earlier stated this is also the case) - である with も; formal, literary ➜ である
• to be ... or something

expression / ichidan verb:

• to enlist as a supporter; to win over to one's side; to gain as one's ally

noun:

• beast (esp. one used for its meat, such as a boar or a deer) - archaism
• hunting (of animals such as boar, deer, etc.) - abbreviation ➜ 獣狩り

noun:

• thin veneer; hasty preparation; knowledge or skill learned as a stopgap
• re-tempering a dull sword (so that it looks as if it's sharp, but is actually unusable) - orig. meaning

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• all one's life; throughout one's life; as long as one lives

noun:

• dead end; cul-de-sac; blind alley; no through road (i.e. on signage)
• end; end of the road; end point; as far as one can go

adverb:

• or; otherwise
• furthermore; also
• perhaps; by some chance; possibly - archaism
• that being said; be that as it may - archaism
• however; but - archaism
• not to mention; needless to say - archaism
• as expected; sure enough - archaism
• really; at all - used to express emphatic denial, suspicion, or emotion - archaism

noun / ~する noun:

• carrying out one's words; being as good as one's word; making good on one's promise - four character idiom

expression:

• just as it is reassuring to have a companion when traveling, it is important for us to care for each other as we pass through this life

~する verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to be equal to; to be as good as; to be a match for; to rival

adverb:

• as a test; as an experiment; by way of experiment; by way of trial; tentatively

noun:

• realism (as opposed to idealism) ➜ 観念論
• realism (as opposed to nominalism) ➜ 唯名論

noun / ~する noun:

• top and bottom; up and down; high and low; above and below; upper and lower ends

noun:

• upper and lower classes; ruler and ruled; the government and the people ［しょうか］

noun:

• weather wheel; pillar found near graveyards and temples with a wheel attached to it that can be used to communicate with the dead, as well as for divination
• sun pillar ➜ 太陽柱

godan ~ぶ verb / transitive:

• to make (a promise); to conclude (a contract)
• to act as a go-between; to act as mediator
• to curry favour with - usu. as ご機嫌を取り結ぶ

expression:

• Man's life vanishes like a dew; A person's life is as fleeting as a morning dew - four character idiom

noun:

• horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down ➜ 横になる
• side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; breadth ➜ 首を横に振る
• side (of a box, etc.)
• beside; aside; next to
• unconnected ➜ 横から口を挟む

expression:

• if only (you) have; as long as (you) have; whenever (you) have

noun:

• life; lifetime; career

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• for life; all one's life; throughout one's life; as long as one lives

adjective:

• deep (colour); dark
• strong (flavour, smell, etc.)
• thick (consistency); dense
• strong (possibility, etc.)
• thick (i.e. "as thick as thieves"); close; deep (love, etc.)

noun:

• being frustrated because something is not quite as hoped (just as one cannot scratch an itch from outside a shoe); having an itch that one cannot scratch - four character idiom

expression / ichidan verb:

• to be extremely cautious; to be as sure as sure can be; to make assurance doubly sure

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to fall below (esp. figures: profits, unemployment rate, etc.); to be less than; to be lower than; to fall just short of; to be just under ➜ 上回る