noun:

• early Japanese Christianity (from the later Muromachi period); early Japanese Christian - From Portuguese "cristao"

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.)
• to be blocked (road, pipe, etc.); to be clogged; to be plugged up ➜ 鼻が詰まる
• to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to narrow
• to be at a loss; to be hard pressed - often in the form …につまる ➜ 言葉に詰まる・気の詰まる【きのつまる】
• to end up; to be settled ➜ 詰まる所【つまるところ】
• to become a geminate consonant ➜ 促音【そくおん】
• to hit the ball near the handle of the bat - Baseball term

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.); to assume the shape of; to turn oneself into; to transform oneself into
• to disguise oneself as
• to change radically; to metamorphose
• to improve unexpectedly and dramatically (esp. of an actor, artist, rikishi, etc.)

adverb / suffix:

• throne; crown; (nobleman's) seat - orig. from 座居, meaning "seat"
• government position; court rank ➜ 位階
• social standing; rank; class; echelon; rung

noun:

• grade (of quality, etc.); level; tier; rank
• digit (e.g. the tens, the hundreds, etc.); place ➜ 桁
• degree; extent; amount ➜ どの位

noun:

• bloodworm (Halla okadai, species of eunicid worm used as fishing bait) ➜ 揺蚊
• red mite (Trombicula akamushi); chigger mite; harvest mite ➜ 恙虫

conjunction:

• by the way; incidentally
• even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how) - after the plain past form of a verb

adverb:

• originally; essentially; naturally; by nature; really; actually
• in the first place; to begin with

noun / ~する noun:

• loss; dropping out; falling by the wayside
• omission; lacuna; gap; hiatus
• desertion; defection
• apostasy

noun:

• finishing touch; completing (something) by executing the final, critical step - four character idiom

noun:

• hunt (where the hunting area is surrounded on four sides by hunters)

noun:

• moyamoya disease (rare, progressive cerebrovascular disorder caused by blocked arteries in the basal ganglia)

noun:

• Indian song and dance (introduced to Japan by the Chams in approx. 736 CE)

noun:

• grand purification ceremony (so-called because it was overseen by the Nakatomi family) - archaism ➜ 大祓

noun:

• geisha; woman who entertains (e.g. by playing the shamisen) for her living - obscure term ➜ 歌妓

noun:

• room arranged for the summer (by removing screens and doors to improve air flow) ➜ 襖【ふすま】・障子

noun:

• mushroom that springs up in the morning and withers by night; "something short-lived" [figurative] - archaism

noun:

• sake lees with black or brown specks (from oxidation enzymes produced by the yeast) ➜ 酒かす

noun:

• economic downturn precipitated by the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy in 2008 - From English "Lehman Shock"

noun:

• PRISM; mass electronic surveillance program operated by the United States National Security Agency

noun / ~する noun:

• emission (of light); radiation (of light); luminescence

expression:

• it's hard to discipline one's mind; defeating the bandits in the mountains is easy; defeating the bandit in one's heart is hard [literal] - proverb

noun / ~の noun:

• flowers in full bloom; time of year in which flowers are in full bloom
• the age at which someone (esp. a woman) is at the peak of their beauty
• booming or peaking (in popularity)

noun:

• red eyes; bloodshot eyes
• red-eye ➜ 赤目現象
• red mullet (Chelon haematocheilus) - usually written using kana alone ➜ 赤目魚
• facial gesture of pulling one's eyelid down and sticking out one's tongue

adjectival noun / noun:

• subtle grace; hidden beauty; yugen; mysterious profundity; elegant simplicity; the subtle and profound; the occult

noun:

• guide melody (karaoke melody to help the singer hold the tune)