expression / adjective:

• useless; no future in it; doesn't make sense; having no point ➜ 意味がある【いみがある】

expression:

• waiting for one hundred years for the waters of the Yellow River to clear; waiting in vain for an unlikely event; waiting for pigs to fly; When the sky falls, we shall catch larks - four character idiom

adverb:

• suddenly; in a flash; rapidly; nimbly; alertly - onomatopoeia

~す verb (precursor to modern する) / intransitive verb:

• to yield; to give in; to be daunted; to shrink ［くっす］ - archaism ➜ 屈する【くっする】

~す verb (precursor to modern する) / transitive:

• to bend (knee, etc.) ［くっす］ - archaism ➜ 屈する【くっする】
• to subdue; to overpower ［くっす］ - archaism ➜ 屈する【くっする】

~す verb (precursor to modern する) / intransitive verb:

• to feel down - archaism ➜ 屈する【くっする】

adverb:

• from now on; in the future; hereafter; ahead of us; down the road

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be arranged - polite language ➜ 調う

conjunction:

• at any rate; in any event; either way; anyway

~する verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to get along well together; to be in tune with one another; to harmonize with each other; to go well together

noun:

• combined unit; two-in-one unit; many-in-one unit; integrated model

expression / adverb:

• honestly speaking; in truth; in all honesty; to be frank

expression / ichidan verb:

• to act as one; to act in concert; to keep pace; to stay in step ➜ 歩調を揃える

expression:

• by a strange coincidence; in an unexpected turn of events; by chance; by accident

conjunction:

• by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing - abbreviation - slang ➜ ちなみに

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to act as an intermediary; to step in; to come between; to intervene; to interject

noun / adjectival noun / ~の noun:

• freely; in complete control of; with complete freedom; at will; as one pleases - four character idiom

adjectival noun / noun:

• standing on formality; in a reserved manner; treating a friend as a stranger; unduly distant; formal - four character idiom

godan ~る verb:

• to be certain of; to have faith in; to believe completely; to trust (someone completely)

noun / ~の noun:

• becoming stereotyped; getting stuck in a rut; humdrum; mannerism (art, etc.)

adverb:

• properly; in a good manner; sophisticatedly; seemly; in a dignified way

expression:

• then; in that case; considering; if that is the case; if so

adverbial noun:

• at all times; day in, day out; constantly; always - four character idiom

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to bathe in; to be flooded with (e.g. light); to be covered in
• to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon; to be showered with

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to smoke; to breathe in; to inhale
• to suck; to sip; to slurp
• to absorb; to soak up
• to kiss

adverb:

• how; in what way; how about ➜ 斯う・然う・ああ

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised Antonym: 下がる
• to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to go in
• to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade
• to get out (of water); to come ashore
• to increase - also written as 騰る in ref. to price
• to improve; to make progress
• to be promoted; to advance
• to be made (of profit, etc.)
• to occur (esp. of a favourable result)
• to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.) - often as 〜で上がる
• to be finished; to be done; to be over
• (of rain) to stop; to lift
• to stop (working properly); to cut out; to give out; to die
• to win (in a card game, etc.)
• to be arrested ［挙がる］
• to turn up (of evidence, etc.) ［挙がる］
• to be deep fried ［揚がる］
• to be spoken loudly
• to get stage fright
• to be offered (to the gods, etc.)
• to go; to visit - humble language
• to eat; to drink - honorific language
• to be listed (as a candidate) - esp. 挙がる
• to serve (in one's master's home)
• to go north - in Kyoto

suffix / godan ~る verb:

• to be complete; to finish - after the -masu stem of a verb ➜ 出来上がる