noun:

• best man; groomsman; bridesmaid
• second (e.g. in a duel)

~と adverb / adverb:

• with a bump; with a clunk - onomatopoeia ➜ こつんと
• yelp (e.g. of a fox); bark; howl - onomatopoeia

adverb:

• snugly (into hole, container, etc.); tightly (fitting, covering); firmly - onomatopoeia
• (with a) pop (i.e. sound of a cork, etc. being pulled out of a hole in one movement); with a plop; (fall) straight - onomatopoeia

noun:

• factory closure; factory shutdown
• lockout (e.g. during industrial dispute)

ichidan verb:

• to impose (printing); to lay out the page order
• to assemble (e.g. components)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to pick out (with the fingers); to pull out
• to throw out (e.g. of a bar); to drag out; to chuck out

expression / ichidan verb:

• to take a seat; to sit
• to occupy a position (e.g. committee president)

noun:

• metallic foil cut into strips or other shapes to form decorative motifs
• cutting a thin sheet of metal into shapes and affixing it with lacquer forming natural features (e.g. clouds)

noun:

• slip of the pen; mistake in writing ➜ 書き損じ
• something ruined by a mistake in writing (e.g. postcard) ➜ 書き損じ

noun:

• engine compartment (of a vehicle)
• engine room (e.g. of ship)

godan ~ぐ verb / transitive:

• to chip (off); to shave (off); to slice (off); to sharpen
• to dampen (e.g. enthusiasm); to discourage; to weaken; to reduce - usually written using kana alone

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to read (a book); to open (a book) to read
• to unravel (e.g. a mystery); to discover (the truth)

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to make light of; to hold lightly
• to overwhelm (e.g. opponent)

noun / ~の noun:

• roof tile; tiled roof
• objects crowded together (e.g. houses)

noun / ~する noun:

• running errands; going on errands
• (transaction of) business; going about one's business
• doing one's business (i.e. at the toilet); going to the washroom
• purveying; purveyor - esp. 用達 ➜ 御用達

noun:

• nobleman's illegitimate child
• product (of e.g. war); (figurative) offspring; aftermath

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to hold down; to twist someone's arm
• to force (someone) to yield (e.g. an argument); to make (someone) surrender

noun:

• the Three Sacred Treasures (Mirror, Sword and Jewels)
• the three essential status symbols (e.g. cellphone, PC and digital camera)

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to surface; to come to the top
• to stand out (e.g. against a background)

noun:

• levitation; floating on air

noun or verb acting prenominally:

• airborne (e.g. bacteria); aero-

noun:

• juice pressed from a bitter orange - From Dutch "pons" ➜ ポン酢【ポンず】
• punch (i.e. fruit punch) ➜ ポンチ

noun:

• writings about the gods
• Shinto scripture (e.g. the Kojiki)

adverb / ~と adverb:

• intermittently; bit by bit; little by little; by ones and twos - onomatopoeia
• in drops (e.g. of rain) - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun / noun:

• dainty; delicate; slender; slim and elegant
• fragile (e.g. furniture); delicate; frail

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to bend; to warp; to yield ➜ 撓う
• to be supple (e.g. bamboo, body); to be flexible; to be pliant ➜ しなやか・撓う