expression:

• all pain, no gain; doing no good and a lot of harm; having no redeeming features; being a complete disadvantage; a hundred harms and not a single gain [literal] - idiom

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to make a great fuss; to raise a hue and cry; to make an uproar; to clamour

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to hit; to run into; to light on; to strike into; to come against; to deadlock

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to verbally attack (violently); to run down; to criticize severely; to criticise severely

noun:

• useless; waste of time and effort; pointless; vain efforts

noun:

• joint surety; surety jointly and severally liable; co-maker; co-endorser; co-signer - Law term

noun:

• ammunition; arrows and bullets; missile; projectile

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to exhaust one's vocabulary (in trying to persuade somebody or explain something, etc.); to run out of words; to be verbose; to cajole; to talk someone's head off

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to lead a stingy life; to scrimp and save; to pinch pennies; to light one's fingernail (instead of a candle) [literal]

noun:

• modern history; modern and current history; recent history; recent contemporary history

expression:

• almost never; few and far between; little or nothing; hardly any; hardly anything at all; very little

ichidan verb:

• to cut up; to cut and discard; to eliminate systematically (in fault-finding); to isolate

expression:

• So many people, so many minds; Everyone has his own ideas and tastes; It takes all sorts to make a world; To each his (her) own - four character idiom

noun / adjectival noun:

• being faithful to one's principles; being of firm purpose and deep commitment; constancy; true blue - four character idiom

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to rampage; to run wild; to go berserk; to run amok
• to be violent (waves, wind, etc.); to be rough

interjection:

• do it; up and at 'em; cheers; hurrah - used to cheer sb on - archaism

expression / noun:

• irrefutable evidence; smoking gun; solid evidence; incontestable proof; dead giveaway

noun:

• heliox; gas mixture of helium and oxygen; often hypoxic gas mix used by divers; medical gas used for its low density and easy breathing

~する verb (irregular) / intransitive verb:

• to be contrary; to run counter to; to conflict; to contravene

noun / ~する noun:

• turning into a slum; becoming run-down; slumism; slumification

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

• flickering; flashing on and off; twinkling; glittering - onomatopoeia
• glaringly (bright); painfully (bright) - onomatopoeia
• prickling (pain) - onomatopoeia

adverb:

• widely; far and wide; extensively; universally

noun / ~する noun:

• reading (the parts one is interested in); reading here and there; skimming through; browsing
• reading word by word; reading only the parts one can understand

noun:

• not exceeding; and downward; ... and below
• below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level)
• the below-mentioned; the following; the rest

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards ➜ 余
• beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that)
• above-mentioned; foregoing
• since ...; seeing that ...
• this is all; that is the end; the end