noun:

• the way of the world in our time; the frame of mind of the people nowadays - four character idiom

noun:

• the (fast) pace at which life passes, and thus the nearness of death; promptitude of the changes of the times - four character idiom

noun:

• 1st in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 1st note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• 2nd in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 2nd note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• third in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; third note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• 4th in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 4th note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• 5th in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 5th note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• 6th in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 6th note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• 7th in a sequence denoted by the iroha system; 7th note in the diatonic scale (used in key names, etc.)

noun:

• complete state ownership of land and citizens (proclaimed by the Taika reforms) (Ritsuryo period) ➜ 私地私民

noun:

• townspeople; townsfolk; commoner; civilian; merchant; tradesman; tradeswoman; tradespeople; artisan; members of the lowest Edo-period social class (comprising commoners not involved in farming)

noun:

• one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (people whose work usually involved handling human bodies or animal carcasses) - vulgar ➜ 被差別部落民

noun:

• type of conical hat that covers the whole head (used by Komuso monks) ➜ 笠・虚無僧

noun:

• the end of things (esp. used for one's last writings) - archaism
• one's dying hour (esp. used for the death of Confucius)

noun:

• type of imperial banquet held during the Heian period and later
• being dead drunk; being very drunk - original meaning - archaism

noun:

• official in charge of the administration of domains and general affairs of powerful noble families (from the middle of the Heian period)
• titled lady (legal wife of an important official) - honorific language - abbreviation ➜ 北の政所
• government office related to finances (Kamakura and Muromachi periods)
• clerk working for large temples and shrines

expression / adverb:

• by the end of this month; before the month is out; in the course of this month

noun:

• working the corners; hitting the corners of the plate; pitcher's technique of throwing a ball aiming at the edge of the strike zone - Baseball term - From English "corner work"
• cornering skill (skating, driving, etc.)

noun:

• light used as a religious offering ➜ 御灯・神灯
• paper lantern (hung up near the door of performers and geishas)

noun:

• crib sheet; cheat sheet - From English "cunning paper"
• large sketchbook used during TV filming to notify the cast of special stage direction, relay messages, etc.

noun:

• small western mirror with mercury added to the glass (Edo period) ➜ 和鏡

noun:

• pompadour-like hair style, popular for unmarried women in the Edo period; shimada coiffure - abbreviation

noun:

• bench used by kabuki actors during performance ［合い引き・合引き］
• for enemies and allies to pull back their troops at the same time
• responding to enemy arrow fire with arrow fire

noun:

• crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)

noun:

• by the end of the year