expression:

• like chalk and cheese (superficially similar, but completely different) (the moon and a turtle shell are both round, but they are otherwise completely different); like day and night; like the difference between heaven and hell

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to ill-treat; to bully; to torment; to pick on; to tease; to be cruel to; to persecute
• to be tough on (e.g. one's body); to treat harshly

expression:

• too many cooks spoil the broth; too many captains will steer the ship up a mountain [literal] - proverb

expression:

• take care of the penny; he who makes fun of one sen will cry at one sen [literal] - proverb ➜ 一円を笑う者は一円に泣く・一銭

expression:

• take care of the penny; he who makes fun of one yen will cry at one yen [literal] - proverb

expression:

• something that has been joined together will eventually come apart; what may be joined may be separated - proverb

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to let things end up as they will; to let nature take its course
• to make do with what one has

expression:

• you will appreciate your parents' advice as you grow older, just as it takes time to feel the effects of unwarmed sake - proverb

adverb:

• involuntarily; reluctantly; against one's inclination; against one's will; as a matter of unpleasant necessity; despite oneself

noun:

• someone haughty and boastful at home but meek and reserved outside; being a lion at home and a mouse abroad

expression:

• autumn with the sky clear and blue, and horses growing stout [literal]; autumn comes with harvest time and clear weather - proverb

noun:

• father and child; father and son; father and daughter

noun:

• belief that where there's a will, there's a way

noun:

• fuel and water; firewood and water
• gathering firewood and drawing water; kitchen work; housework

auxiliary verb:

• (I) will; (I) shall - on non-五段 stem, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention
• let's - on non-五段 stem; indicates suggestion or invitation
• (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); maybe; perhaps; perchance - on non-五段 stem; indicates speculation

interjection:

• hey; yo; hi - familiar language

particle:

• come on; hey - empathetic version of よ ➜ よ

expression / adverb:

• naturally; not surprisingly; it should be appreciated that; understandably; as a matter of course; as is obvious; as will be understood

noun:

• back and front; inside and outside; both sides
• inside out (e.g. clothing)
• double-dealing; two faces (c.f. two-faced) ➜ 表裏
• outward appearance and actual condition; inner workings

expression:

• bursts of exertion will fail to bear fruit if interrupted by long periods of idleness - four character idiom
• strenuous efforts, unless sustained, are to no avail (Mencius)

noun:

• young underground market (the underground economy in goods and services, involving lots of barter and buying and selling of secondhand goods)

expression:

• not distinguishing between what's good and bad; not knowing chalk from cheese; mixing good and bad together; shit and miso are the same [literal] - idiom

noun:

• one's relatives by blood and marriage (in blood and law); one's kith and kin - four character idiom

noun:

• details; particulars; whole story; sequence of events; chronology; circumstances; how it started; how things got this way ［いきさつ・けいい］
• longitude and latitude ［けいい］
• warp and weft; warp and woof ［けいい・たてぬき・たてよこ］ - orig. meaning of けいい ➜ 縦横【たてよこ】

expression:

• where there is a will, there is a way - proverb

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to leave word with (a person); to state in one's will; to leave (something) unsaid; to forget to mention

noun:

• tug of war (orig. a form of divination to predict whether the year will be favourable or unfavourable)
• forward puller (of a rickshaw)