godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to finger; to touch; to play with; to fiddle with; to toy with
• to make changes to; to tinker with; to tamper with ［いじる］
• to dabble in; to do as a hobby; to play around with ［いじる］
• to grope; to feel around (in one's pocket, bag, etc.) ［まさぐる］

expression / ~する verb (spec.):

• to qualify (as); to have the qualifications (for ...); to be entitled to; to have a claim (for)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to swindle out of; to cheat out of; to defraud of
• to misrepresent oneself as; to pretend to be; to assume (a name or title); to falsify (e.g. a seal)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to be called (a name); to be referred to (as) - passive of 呼ぶ
• to be treated to something (e.g. a meal); to be invited to

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to be well-kneaded
• to be seasoned; to be experienced; to be mature and well-rounded

expression:

• about; concerning; as to; regarding

noun:

• regard as equivalent to attendance

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to act as an intermediary

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to pass for (as) genuine

ichidan verb:

• to buy as a gift

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to do as one likes

expression:

• as; because; with; due to

noun:

• realism (as opposed to nominalism) ➜ 実在論【じつざいろん】

expression:

• to date; as of now - usu. used in superlative clauses together with 一番, 最も, 最悪, etc.

expression / ichidan verb:

• to sing (chant, speak) with a melody or rhythm; to set to music (verse, lyrics, etc.)

noun:

• clock to be placed on tables, bookshelves, etc. (as opposed to a watch)

noun:

• ancient Shinto (as practiced prior to the Introduction of Confucianism and Buddhism to Japan)

godan ~ぶ verb / intransitive verb:

• to grow wild; to run to waste; to become degenerate ➜ 荒む
• to become rough (of art, craft, etc.); to lose refinement; to deteriorate (of skill)

godan ~ぶ verb / auxiliary verb / intransitive verb:

• to intensify (of wind, rain, etc.); to become more severe - usu. after -masu stem

godan ~ぶ verb / intransitive verb:

• to do as one pleases; to amuse oneself; to play around ［遊ぶ］ - archaism

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to sing (bird)
• to make sound (animal); to call; to cry; to chirp
• to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong) ［鳴く］ - Mahjong term

godan ~く verb:

• to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect - colloquialism ➜ 放っておく

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to cut loose; to let loose; to cut off; to detach; to dismember; to cut in two
• to separate in thought; to consider as independent

expression:

• Man's life vanishes like a dew; A person's life is as fleeting as a morning dew - four character idiom

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to praise (to the skies); to sing the praises (of); to extol

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to groan; to moan
• to roar; to howl; to growl
• to hum (engine, wind, etc.); to buzz; to whiz; to sough; to make a low, dull sound
• to ooh and aah (in admiration)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to sing in a strong, low voice (esp. traditional chant or recitation)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be about to burst; to overflow

expression / ichidan verb:

• to raise one's hand or hands - usu. 手を挙げる
• to surrender - usu. 手を上げる
• to raise a hand to someone (as a threat to strike) - usu. 手を上げる
• to improve - usu. 手を上げる ➜ 腕を上げる