noun:

• men's hairstyle with small sideburns and a wide forehead (Edo period)

noun:

• clear broth soup, with ingredients and garnish floating in and on it

noun:

• points paid and received at the end of a game of mahjong based on position (rank) - Mahjong term

noun:

• discarding somewhat safe tiles while still trying to win a hand - Mahjong term

noun:

• knee-swing (gymnastics); legging-up

noun:

• knee strike; kneeing

noun:

• gonarthrosis; osteoarthritis of the knee - Medicine term

noun:

• under the table; word of respect added to the addressee's name on a letter

noun:

• god of harvests and wealth (syncretized with Saraswati, and often taking the form of a heavenly woman, a white snake or a fox)

interjection:

• thank you; thanks - abbreviation ➜ どうも有難う

adverb:

• much (thanks); very (sorry); quite (regret)
• quite; really; mostly
• somehow
• in spite of oneself; try as one might; no matter how hard one may try (to, not to) ➜ どうしても

interjection:

• greetings; hello; goodbye

prefix:

• one (of a pair)
• incomplete; imperfect; fragmentary
• few; little
• off-centre; remote
• side; problem; question; matters ➜ 片が付く

noun / ~する noun:

• second helping; another cup; seconds ➜ 代わり【かわり】

interjection:

• command to have dog place its second paw in one's hand ➜ お手【おて】

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to take great pains; to make every effort; to rack one's brains
• to be concerned; to worry

noun:

• compared to our company's products (a phrase often used in advertising when comparing old and new products); in this company's comparison
• as I see it; by my estimate - colloquialism

noun / ~する noun:

• (apostatizing through) trampling on a fumi-e; trampling on a tablet bearing Christian images ➜ 踏み絵

noun:

• allegiance test; loyalty test ➜ 踏み絵

noun / ~する noun:

• payment of a sum twice the original; giving back a gift double the value of the one received; repaying twofold
• inflicting a revenge twice as hurtful (painful, costly, etc.) as the original misdeed

noun:

• form of torture in which the victim kneels on triangular wedges and stone slabs are placed on their lap

noun:

• the easy way; attaining rebirth in the Pure Land through the vows of Amitabha (as opposed to one's own efforts) - Buddhism term ➜ 難行道

expression / noun:

• having a happy and harmonious relationship (of a husband and wife) - idiom

noun:

• Japanese writing paper (lined with a square grid, one square per character)

noun:

• industrial union (one relating to a specific industry or occupation); vertical union ➜ 職業別組合

noun:

• substitute fish; using an alternative fish variety instead of a traditional one

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to let go of; to release; to drop
• to part with (e.g. a possession); to relinquish; to spare; to sell
• to send away (e.g. one's child); to let go; to part with
• to temporarily stop working

noun:

• priest - used at certain shrines, e.g. Ise, Kamo - Shintō term
• member of one of the four administrative ranks in the ritsuryo system - archaism ➜ 四等官
• government official in charge of a town, esp. in Heian Kyoto - archaism
• prominent member of a town - archaism
• river boatman; captain of a riverboat
• (medieval) harbor manager - archaism
• bandit leader; head of a gang of brigands - archaism

conjunction:

• because; the reason being - archaism
• while; during

adverb:

• to the extent that; more and more ➜ 程