godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to break through; to penetrate; to pierce

godan ~く verb:

• to pierce; to shoot through; to penetrate

godan ~む verb:

• to cleave; to saw through; to hack apart

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to clear (land); to open up; to cut through

expression:

• faith is mysterious; through faith, even something trivial (like a pilchard's head) seems valuable - proverb

noun:

• book or scroll that has been handed down through generations; book of secrets
• delivering a letter

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to stab; to pierce; to run through (e.g. with a sword)

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to go through; to suffer; to experience (something unpleasant) ➜ 目を見る

godan ~つ verb:

• to pierce through; to stand (of something sharp or pointy); to thrust (up)

noun:

• blowing through; ventilation; draft ［ふきとおし］
• blowing relentlessly
• blowing hot air; exaggerating; boasting

adjective:

• not through; not finished; not done

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to sew; to stitch
• to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)

noun / ~する noun:

• scheme; device; scheming; devising; figuring out; coming up with; solving ingeniously
• dedication to spiritual improvement (esp. through Zen meditation)

expression / noun:

• mutual use of company facilities (e.g. rail tracks for through service, airport facilities, code-sharing, etc.)

noun:

• land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took half of the year's crop and the farmers kept the other half - archaism - four character idiom

noun:

• ceremony on the fifth day of the 10th lunar month in which the emperor would watch prize archery (Heian and Kamakura periods)
• first firing of the bow (after the New Year or the reconstruction of the archery range (in military families))

noun / ~する noun:

• eating between meals; wasteful eating habits; waste of resources
• living idly; loafing one's way through life ➜ 無駄飯【むだめし】・徒食【としょく】

expression / noun / adjectival noun:

• real nuisance; becoming inconvenienced by someone else's problems (through no fault of one's own) - the いい is ironic

noun:

• the sun, the moon and the stars; the heavenly bodies - four character idiom

noun:

• sky; the heavens ➜ 下土
• God; the Lord; the Creator; the Supreme Being
• ascension (into heaven)

noun:

• the emperor's person
• the body of Christ; the Host; the Eucharist; Holy Communion

noun / ~する noun:

• the return of the land and people from the feudal lords to the Emperor - four character idiom

noun:

• Islamic holy books (the Pentateuch, the Book of Psalms, the Gospels and the Koran)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to decide; to choose; to determine; to make up one's mind; to resolve; to set one's heart on; to settle; to arrange; to set; to appoint; to fix
• to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match)
• to persist in doing; to go through with
• to always do; to have made a habit of - as 決めている
• to take for granted; to assume
• to dress up; to dress to kill; to dress to the nines
• to carry out successfully (a move in sports, a pose in dance, etc.); to succeed in doing
• to immobilize with a double-arm lock (in sumo, judo, etc.) - Martial Arts, Sumo term
• to eat or drink something; to take illegal drugs

temporal noun:

• eternity; through all eternity; for evermore; for many generations to come - four character idiom