noun:

• pawn (chess piece) ［ポーン］

~と adverb:

• boing; sproing (e.g. sound of releasing a spring); plonk (e.g. sound of hitting a tennis ball); crack (e.g. sound of ice cracking underfoot) - onomatopoeia
• flipping through the air; tossing - onomatopoeia

noun:

• puzzle ring; wire puzzle
• exercise where students link crossed hands in a circle and try working together and without letting go

noun:

• guarana (tree); Paullinia cupana
• guarana (seed extract as an ingredient used in stamina drinks and foods for restorative and stimulant effect)

noun:

• sea air; sea breeze ［海気］
• ocean and atmosphere ［海気］
• type of yarn-dyed silk goods

noun:

• collision; bumping into
• head-to-head training; drill consisting of pushing and being pushed; battering practice - abbreviation - Sumo term ➜ ぶつかり稽古

noun / adjectival noun:

• being faithful to one's principles; being of firm purpose and deep commitment; constancy; true blue - four character idiom

noun:

• San-you region of western Honshu (incl. Okayama, Hiroshima, southern Yamaguchi and sometimes western Hyogo prefectures)

noun:

• bronze currency of ancient China (some pieces shaped like spades and others like opened straight razors)

noun:

• Desert monitor (Varanus griseus, species of carnivorous monitor lizard found in North Africa and western Asia)

noun:

• pre-ritsuryo official established in key provinces, responsible for administration of his home and surrounding provinces - archaism ➜ 律令制・総領

noun:

• horse oil; extract of horse subcutaneous fat, used in cosmetics and traditional medicine

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to go back to the start; to reset; to restore; to return to the point (of a discussion); to return something (that has been moved) to previous place; to reconstitute

godan ~ぐ verb / intransitive verb:

• to remove one's shirt thus revealing the skin; to remove the upper part of one's garments
• to work with great effort ➜ 片肌脱ぐ・一肌脱ぐ

noun:

• vine; bine; tendril; runner
• bow; temple arm; sidepiece; lug arm; earpiece; part of a pair of glasses that goes over the ear
• connections; contacts; influence; financial supporter

noun:

• ridge-tailed monitor (Varanus acanthurus, species of monitor lizard found throughout the arid northern regions of Australia); spiny-tailed monitor ➜ リッジテールモニター

adverb / ~と adverb:

• sound of the cicadas - onomatopoeia ➜ みんみん蝉【みんみんぜみ】

noun:

• mock Buddhist sutra; type of fast-paced humorous singing mimicking the chanting of a Buddhist sutra, usually with lyrics satirizing current events; ahodarakyō - pun on あほだら and 陀羅尼経 ➜ あほだら

noun:

• reserves (esp. troops); reserve army
• potential members of some group (e.g. the elderly); people at risk (e.g. of a medical condition); wannabees

noun:

• three ministries (under the ritsuryo system: Ministries of Civil Services, Health & War) ➜ 律令制
• three departments (in Tang-dynasty China: Secretariat, Chancellory & Dept. of State Affairs)

noun / ~する noun:

• combining the working parts of two or more broken machines to make one functioning machine
• manufacturing one part out of multiple different parts

noun:

• arm glove; arm warmer; sleevelet
• bracelet
• leather thread on guard or pommel of a sword
• hole in the butt end of a Chinese spear

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to make the sign of the cross; to bless oneself; to cross oneself

noun / ~する noun:

• finishing (a race); running the whole distance; reaching the goal; staying the course

noun:

• restoring the declining fortunes; recovering from the discouraging situation; reversing the downward trend - four character idiom

conjunction:

• if one were to speak of ..., then certainly; if it were the case that ..., then certainly; if it were a ..., then certainly; phrase used to indicate the inevitability of what follows it (based on what precedes it) ➜ 言う・言う
• so that means (when used in sentence-initial position)