godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to roll
• to turn over; to tip over; to throw down
• to leave
• to buy and sell (quickly for a profit)

godan ~す verb:

• to return a blow repeat; to turn back; to rewhip; to plow up; to plough up; to come and retreat

noun / ~する noun:

• being in dire distress; being hard put to it - four character idiom
• the four and eight kinds of suffering - Buddhism term ➜ 四苦・八苦

noun:

• sea air; sea breeze ［海気］
• ocean and atmosphere ［海気］
• type of yarn-dyed silk goods

noun:

• cramschool (for boys and girls who wish to go on to the next stage of education)

noun:

• collision; bumping into
• head-to-head training; drill consisting of pushing and being pushed; battering practice - abbreviation - Sumo term ➜ ぶつかり稽古

noun / adjectival noun:

• being faithful to one's principles; being of firm purpose and deep commitment; constancy; true blue - four character idiom

noun / ~の noun:

• initiative taken by bureaucrats in the drafting of government policies and bills (rather than by politicians) - four character idiom

noun:

• spring flowers and the autumn moon; beauty of nature as it changes from season to season - four character idiom

noun:

• bronze currency of ancient China (some pieces shaped like spades and others like opened straight razors)

noun:

• pre-ritsuryo official established in key provinces, responsible for administration of his home and surrounding provinces - archaism ➜ 律令制・総領

noun:

• pogo; dance in which one jumps up and down to the beat of the music

noun:

• horse oil; extract of horse subcutaneous fat, used in cosmetics and traditional medicine

noun:

• cooking over the fire of an unclean home or a home in mourning; food prepared over the fire of an unclean home or a home in mourning ➜ 別火

noun:

• style of haikai or haiku from the Tenmei era (based on a return to the style of Basho) ➜ 天明・蕉風
• style of comical tanka from the Tenmei era (popularized by Oota Nampo) ➜ 狂歌

expression:

• there must be a clear distinction between the upper and lower classes; even new shoes must not be worn on the head [literal] - proverb

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to hold between; to grip with (from both sides); to nip; to catch (e.g. one's finger in a door)
• to put between; to sandwich between; to insert; to interpose; to interject
• to be on either side of (a road, table, etc.); to be across (a street, river, etc.); to have between each other

expression:

• great human beings never lose the innocence of childhood; a virtuous ruler never loses the spirit of the common people - from Mencius - proverb

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to publish; to print; to carry (an article)
• to put up; to hang out; to hoist; to fly (a sail); to float (a flag, kite, etc.)
• to tuck up (e.g. sleeves); to roll up
• to tout (a principle, plan, etc.); to adopt (a slogan)
• to stoke a fire; to fan a flame

noun / ~する noun:

• (a) dose; (a) puff; (a) smoke; lull; short rest

noun / ~する noun:

• raising a question; posing a problem; setting a hare running

noun / ~する noun:

• harnessing (a horse to a cart, esp. for a race)

noun / ~する noun:

• overcoming a difficulty; breaking through a barrier; clearing a hurdle - four character idiom

noun / ~する noun:

• taking a class; studying a subject; completing a course

noun / ~の noun:

• aboard a vehicle; in a car; on a train