ichidan verb / transitive:

• to discern (e.g. right from wrong); to discriminate; to distinguish
• to know (manners, one's place, etc.); to understand; to bear in mind

adverb / ~と adverb:

• gulping down (a drink); guzzling; chugging - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun:

• sloshing around (of liquid in one's stomach) - onomatopoeia

noun:

• heart; mind

noun / suffix:

• spirit; vitality; inner strength ➜ 愛郷心
• Chinese "Heart" constellation (one of the 28 mansions) - Astronomy term ➜ 二十八宿・蒼竜【そうりょう】
• friend - archaism

noun:

• leaving or staying
• (one's) course of action; (one's) position; (one's) attitude

noun:

• driving; pounding in; shooting into; implantation; invasion
• falling badly in love
• putting (one's heart) into
• step recording (in electronic or computer music) - IT term

noun:

• first letter of a word; capital letter (at the start of a word or sentence)
• initials (of one's name)

noun:

• frontage; width (of a building, plot of land, etc.)
• breadth (e.g. of one's knowledge); scope (e.g. of one's work); range

noun:

• (many) mountains

adverb:

• very much (esp. wanting to do something one cannot); greatly; really - often as 〜のはやまやまである, etc. - usually written using kana alone

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to lead; to take the lead (in doing something)
• to precede; to go before; to take precedence
• to die before (esp. one's spouse, parents, etc.)
• to be a prerequisite

noun:

• debit; withdrawal
• pulling (one's opponent) down; frontal pull-down; hiki-otoshi - Sumo term

noun:

• sakaki (species of evergreen sacred to Shinto, Cleyera japonica)
• evergreen (esp. one planted or used at a shrine)

noun:

• passing away; death
• death poem (poem written during one's final moments)

noun:

• ore; unprocessed metal; ground metal
• (one's) true character

noun:

• short article; short essay
• (one's own) article or essay - humble language

noun:

• Mencius (372-289 BCE); Mengzi
• Mencius (one of the Four Books) ➜ 四書

noun:

• passion; sexual desire; lust
• attachment (esp. to one's family or a member of the opposite sex) - Buddhism term

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to let go of; to release; to drop
• to part with (e.g. a possession); to relinquish; to spare; to sell
• to send away (e.g. one's child); to let go; to part with
• to temporarily stop working

noun:

• kasaya; monk's stole - Buddhism term
• wearing an article of clothing in the same manner as a kasaya (i.e. draped over one shoulder) - abbreviation ➜ 袈裟懸け

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to lie face down (e.g. on the ground, napping on a desk); to lie prone
• to lower (one's head, gaze, etc.) - archaism

noun:

• pit; hole - archaism
• kan (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: water, north)

adverb / ~と adverb:

• snugly (into hole, container, etc.); tightly (fitting, covering); firmly - onomatopoeia ➜ すぽっと

adverb:

• (with a) pop (i.e. sound of a cork, etc. being pulled out of a hole in one movement); with a plop; (fall) straight - onomatopoeia ➜ すぽっと

noun:

• fashion style heavy on make-up and elaborate hairstyles, used among Japanese rock bands, musicians, etc. ➜ Ｖ系【ブイけい】
• handsome man (esp. one who knows this)

noun / ~する noun:

• holding a castle (during a siege); holing up
• confinement (to one's home); staying at home; staying indoors

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to anger; to displease; to offend
• to square (one's shoulders); to make stern (e.g. eyes); to raise (one's voice) in anger

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to knock (someone) to their feet; to knock down
• to send flying; to strike; to fling; to fire
• to drive away (one's sorrows, worries, etc.); to dispel
• to drive at terrific speed; to barrel along