noun:

• autumn eggplant; eggplant picked eaten in the autumn ➜ 茄子

noun:

• central figure; pillar (e.g. of the nation); mainstay; chief support; leader
• chief; boss; leader; head
• master carpenter
• beams and ridge supports of a roof - orig. meaning

noun:

• rear gate (esp. of castle); back entrance ➜ 大手【おおて】
• one who arrests
• force attacking the rear of a castle ➜ 大手【おおて】
• (opponent's) weak point

noun:

• twentieth day of the first month (end of New Year celebrations, upon which remaining New Year's food is eaten, decorations are stowed away, etc.)

noun:

• water ball; large inflatable sphere that allows a person inside it to walk across the surface of a body of water

expression:

• victory goes to the one who makes the first move; being quick to take action leads to victory; the early bird gets the worm - four character idiom

adverbial noun / noun:

• avenue; street; way; road
• coming and going; street traffic
• flow (of water, air, etc.)
• transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
• fame; reputation; popularity
• the same status or way; as (e.g. as expected, as I said)
• understanding; comprehension

counter:

• counter for sets of things; counter for methods, ways, types

noun:

• leader; boss
• upper part of a flag
• (Okinawa) bamboo poles with an attached vertical flag and an elaborate display at the top that are used during the annual fertility and thanks-giving festivals

noun:

• someone from one's own province (China) ➜ 外省人
• someone whose ancestors had lived in Taiwan before the Kuomintang related immigration wave ➜ 外省人

noun:

• event where schoolchildren wash their inkstones, brushes and desks the night before Tanabata to pray for success in their studies - obscure term ➜ 七夕

noun:

• letters from exiled Europeans in Jakarta to their Japanese wives and half-Japanese children (during the Edo period)

noun:

• Japanese book size (approx. 12.5cm by 17.5cm) ➜ 半紙【はんし】
• late Edo-period novelette depicting life in the red-light district ➜ 洒落本

noun:

• menko; children's game in which thick circular or rectangular cards are slapped down on the ground to overturn other cards - Ōsaka dialect ➜ めんこ

noun:

• skeleton (of a vertebrate, ship, building, etc.)
• transparency (revealing the inner workings of a device); translucency; see-through body
• skeleton (sport)
• skeleton (code) - IT term

noun:

• god of harvests and wealth (syncretized with Saraswati, and often taking the form of a heavenly woman, a white snake or a fox) - obscure term ➜ 宇賀神

noun:

• assembly of monks and laity (at a rite, sermon, etc.) - Buddhism term
• (monks and laity of) the Jishu sect - Buddhism term ➜ 時宗

noun:

• foot of a mountain; plain at the foot of a mountain
• range; spread; extent; encompassing circle

noun:

• index fossil (fossil which suggests a date of the formation of a rock stratum); key fossil; leading fossil

noun:

• forced reduction of a daimyo's land by the Edo Shogunate; curtailment of a daimyo's domain - archaism

noun:

• great and splendid land (of Yamato)
• spiritual center of the land; one's spiritual home
• excellent location; splendid place

noun:

• very superior old pale (cognac); VSOP
• one-track mind; person who always acts the same or says the same thing (esp. person who always cracks the same kind of jokes) - humorous term - From English "very special one pattern" ➜ ワンパターン
• VLBI Space Observatory Programme; Very Long Baseline Interferometry Space Observatory Programme ➜ 超長距離干渉計【ちょうちょうきょりかんしょうけい】

noun:

• spring rain that falls around the time that flowers bloom; spring rain that hastens the blooming of flowers

noun:

• Socialist Party of Japan (until 1996, became the Social Democratic Party of Japan from 1996) ➜ 社会民主党【しゃかいみんしゅとう】

noun:

• lower leg bone (esp. the tibia and the fibula, but sometimes also including the patella)

noun:

• the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow - Astronomy term ➜ 北斗七星
• Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter & Saturn - Astronomy term ➜ 七曜【しちよう】