noun:

• Northern Di people; northern barbarians; Zhou dynasty term used by the Chinese to refer to non- ethnic Chinese to the north - archaism - derogatory term

ichidan verb:

• to mark a stage, movie set, etc. with tape to indicate positions of actors, furniture, equipment, etc.; to block a set - from 場を見る - slang

ichidan verb / expression:

• to be out of focus
• to be off the point; to not have got the point

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to straighten oneself; to straighten one's clothes and one's posture; to adopt a more serious attitude - idiom

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to be quiet (due to lack of activity); to be in a slump (of a business) - idiom ➜ 閑古鳥

expression:

• so miserable that it is painful to look at; can't bear to look at; painful to watch - idiom

expression / godan ~む verb:

• to repeat a mistake (of somebody); to make the same mistake as that of ...; to follow the rut (left by someone else) [literal] ➜ 前車の轍を踏む・前轍を踏む

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to jut out (of bounds)
• to be crowded out; to be forced out

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to blaze down on; to beat down on; to shine down upon

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to turn a somersault; to turn over (topsy-turvy); to turn head over heels

expression / ichidan verb:

• to teach by example; to teach by showing; to teach with one's back [literal]

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to blow a conch; to blow a trumpet shell; to blow the war horn ➜ 法螺貝を吹く

noun:

• telephone appointment; arranging meetings and appointments in advance by phone - abbreviation
• cold-calling to get potential customers to agree to meet a salesman; carrying out market surveys by phone

expression / adjective:

• cannot avoid doing; cannot help but (do); is compelled to do; (feel) obliged to (do); has to do ➜ ざる

expression:

• cannot avoid doing; cannot help but (do); is compelled to do; (feel) obliged to (do); has to do ➜ せざるを得ない

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to tuck one's tail between one's legs; to admit defeat; to turn tail (and run) - idiom

expression / adjective:

• cannot avoid doing; cannot help but (do); is compelled to do; (feel) obliged to (do); has to do ➜ ざる・せざるを得ない

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to spit out all around; to vomit all around
• to spew out (e.g. dirty language)

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to do something stupid; to do something pointless; to hit a muddy rice field with a stick [literal] - obscure term - idiom

expression / ichidan verb:

• to get one's lazy butt in gear; to get off one's backside; to bestir oneself - idiom

expression:

• until then; till then; up to that time
• to that extent
• the end of it; all there is to it

expression:

• victory goes to the one who makes the first move; being quick to take action leads to victory; the early bird gets the worm - four character idiom

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to turn misfortune into fortune (esp. through one's own efforts); to turn the potential disaster to one's advantage - idiom

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to turn misfortune into fortune (esp. through one's own efforts); to turn the potential disaster to one's advantage - idiom ➜ 災い転じて福となす【わざわいてんじてふくとなす】

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to fall in love at first sight
• to see for the first time; to meet for the first time - archaism
• to have sexual relations for the first time - archaism