godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to turn away (one's eyes, face, etc.); to avert; to divert (e.g. one's attention); to evade (e.g a question); to change (e.g. the subject)
• to displease; to annoy; to offend; to upset - usu. in negative form
• to miss (the target, ball, etc.)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to seclude oneself; to hide away; to stay inside (one's shell)
• to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.)
• to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be stuffy; to be dense
• to be muffled (e.g. voice)
• to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
• to confine oneself in a temple to pray

noun:

• previous generation (e.g. one's parents); family predecessor
• predecessor
• previous age

noun:

• qian (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: heaven, northwest)

noun:

• (one's) whereabouts
• outcome

noun:

• (on one's) mind; heed

noun:

• Japanese national (esp. one living overseas) ➜ 外人【がいじん】
• fellow countryman

noun:

• (one's parents') home

noun / ~の noun:

• metropolitan (i.e. established by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government)

noun:

• (one) line; (one) row

noun:

• investigation (e.g. by police or prosecutors); examination; inquiry; enquiry

noun / ~の noun:

• love of (one's) country; patriotism

noun:

• Japanese writing paper (lined with a square grid, one square per character)

noun:

• (one) matter; (one) item; (one) case

noun:

• New Year's gift (usu. money given to a child by relatives and visitors) ➜ 年玉

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to fix upon (one-sidedly); to (ignore somebody's position and) arbitrarily decide something is the case
• to scold; to take (a person) to task

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be brought forward (e.g. by three hours); to be moved up; to be advanced ［早まる］
• to be hasty; to be rash ［早まる］
• to quicken; to speed up; to gather speed - esp. 速まる

noun:

• foreigner (esp. one of European ancestry); gaijin ［がいじん］ - sensitive ➜ 邦人【ほうじん】
• outsider - orig. meaning - archaism

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to muster (e.g. one's courage); to call forth; to rouse up

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to be enlivened; to be invigorated

noun:

• threshold (esp. one with grooves for sliding doors); sill - Architecture term ➜ 鴨居

noun / ~する noun:

• yell used to time or encourage activity (e.g. "Heave ho!", "On three ... One, two, three!" in English); enthusiastic shout from the audience (e.g. in kabuki); shouting (in concerts)

noun / ~する noun:

• (one's) image; impression; mental image; (mental) picture; view ➜ イメージアップ

noun:

• (computer) image - IT term

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to blink (one's eyes); to wink; to bat - またたく is sometimes used transitively
• to twinkle (e.g. stars); to flicker; to waver

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to ride past (one's stop); to overshoot
• to climb over; to get over ➜ 乗り越える
• to overtake (in a vehicle); to pass

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun / adjectival noun:

• unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet); shakily; staggering; reeling; tottering; dizzily - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

• wandering; wavering; aimlessly; without knowing what one is doing; having no goal in mind - onomatopoeia