noun:

• thin washer on either side of the guard (tsuba) of a sword
• (up to) the hilt; wits' end ➜ 切羽詰まる

noun:

• ancient language; ancient word
• ancient Japanese language; Japanese as spoken from the end of the 6th century to the end of the Nara period - Linguistics term

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out
• to arrive at (a certain outcome); to come to; to end with

~する noun:

• to fret (over); to brood (about); to mope; to worry - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

• worriedly; (fretting) constantly; (worrying) over this and that; (obsessing) to no end - onomatopoeia

noun / ~する noun:

• resignation; leaving office
• leaving work (e.g. at the end of the day) Antonym: 出社

particle:

• indicates possessive - occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之 ➜ 乃
• nominalizes verbs and adjectives
• substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ➜ が
• (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion - often ん
• (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis - female language
• (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

noun:

• reduced-period procedure; curtailed operation - From English "short time"
• short homeroom (at the beginning and end of the school day) - From English "short time"

temporal noun:

• eight minutes

noun:

• triangular-swept clerical script (clerical script whose horizontal lines end in a noticeable triangular tail) ➜ 六体

noun:

• soot-colored bamboo (coloured)
• bamboo duster (with the leaves still attached at one end) ➜ すす払い

noun / ~する noun:

• leaving a park, garden, zoo, etc.
• leaving kindergarten (e.g. end of day, on completion, expulsion)

noun:

• expulsion from school ➜ 放校
• dismissal of class (at the end of the day) ➜ 放課

noun:

• (tobacco) pipe with metal tipped stem - From Khmer "khsier"
• stolen train ride (only paying a local fare each end) ➜ 煙管乗り・煙管乗車

noun:

• cleaning dust etc. from rooms; housecleaning
• (the traditional Japanese end-of-the-year, 13th December) big house cleaning; spring cleaning (only not in spring) ➜ 煤掃き

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock ［開ける］
• to open (for business, etc.) ［開ける］
• to empty; to remove; to make space; to make room - esp. 空ける
• to move out; to clear out - esp. 空ける
• to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily) - esp. 空ける

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to dawn; to grow light - esp. 明ける
• to end (of a period, season) - esp. 明ける
• to begin (of the New Year) - esp. 明ける
• to leave (one's schedule) open; to make time (for) - esp. 明ける
• to make (a hole); to open up (a hole)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.)
• to be blocked (road, pipe, etc.); to be clogged; to be plugged up ➜ 鼻が詰まる
• to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to narrow
• to be at a loss; to be hard pressed - often in the form …につまる ➜ 言葉に詰まる・気の詰まる【きのつまる】
• to end up; to be settled ➜ 詰まる所【つまるところ】
• to become a geminate consonant ➜ 促音【そくおん】
• to hit the ball near the handle of the bat - Baseball term

noun / ~する noun:

• passing on to the next life - Buddhism term
• death
• giving up a struggle; submission
• being at one's wits' end; being flummoxed
• coercion

~と adverb / noun:

• clap (sound of wooden clappers) - onomatopoeia ➜ ちょんちょん
• chop vigorously ➜ ちょん切る
• slight movement (e.g. poke, small bird alighting) ➜ ちょんちょん
• the end; originally end of a play, marked by clap of clappers ➜ ちょんになる

noun:

• dot (esp. typographical) ➜ ちょんちょん

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to fall down; to drop; to fall (e.g. rain); to sink (e.g. sun or moon); to fall onto (e.g. light or one's gaze); to be used in a certain place (e.g. money)
• to be omitted; to be missing
• to decrease; to sink
• to fail (e.g. exam or class); to lose (contest, election, etc.)
• to crash; to degenerate; to degrade; to fall behind
• to become indecent (of a conversation)
• to be ruined; to go under
• to fade; to come out (e.g. a stain); to come off (e.g. makeup); to be removed (e.g. illness, possessing spirit, name on a list) ➜ 狐が落ちる【きつねがおちる】
• to fall (into someone's hands); to become someone's possession
• to fall (into a trap); to fall (for a trick)
• to give in; to give up; to confess; to flee
• to fall; to be defeated; to surrender
• to come to (in the end); to end in
• to fall (in love, asleep, etc.) ➜ 恋に落ちる【こいにおちる】・眠りに落ちる【ねむりにおちる】
• to swoon (judo)
• to consent; to understand ➜ 腑に落ちない【ふにおちない】
• to crash; to freeze - IT term
• to die - of animals
• to move to the depths - of fish when it gets cold

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to put on (one's head); to wear; to have on; to pull over (one's head); to crown (oneself)
• to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to dash on oneself; to ship water
• to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to assume (responsibility); to shoulder (burden)
• to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
• to be similar; to be redundant

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be fogged (due to overexposure, etc.) - of film
• to close; to come to an end - of a play, etc.
• to get a full house; to sell out - of a play, etc.
• to blunder; to bungle; to fail - of a play, etc. - archaism ➜ 毛氈を被る
• to be deceived - archaism

noun:

• board; plank
• sheet (of metal); plate (of glass); pane; slab
• cutting board; chopping board ➜ 俎板
• chef (esp. of high-end Japanese cuisine); cook - usu. as 板さん - abbreviation ➜ 板前・板場【いたば】
• stage (i.e. at a theatre)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to emboss
• to print out; to print
• to work out (e.g. policy); to hammer out; to come out with; to set forth
• to strike (a drum indicating the end of a performance)
• to begin striking; to start beating

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to open (e.g. doors) - esp. 開く
• to open (e.g. business, etc.) - esp. 開く
• to be empty - esp. 空く
• to be vacant; to be available; to be free - esp. 空く
• to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.) - esp. 明く
• to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.) - esp. 明く
• to come to an end - esp. 明く

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to open (one's eyes, mouth, etc.) - esp. 明く

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to have a hole; to form a gap; to have an interval (between events) ➜ 穴が開く

expression / adverb:

• by all means; at any cost; no matter what; at any rate; surely
• whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; willy-nilly
• on no account; by no means - with. neg. verb
• in the end; in the long run; after all; eventually

adverbial noun / noun:

• limit; limits; bounds
• degree; extent; scope
• as far as possible; as much as possible; to the best of one's ability; very much
• unless (after neg. verb)
• the end; the last

suffix:

• as long as; only

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to eat; to drink; to wolf; to knock back - vulgar
• to receive (e.g. a blow)
• to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)