noun:

• clear accounting; honest accounting (billing); transparent billing practices (in restaurant and bar charges, etc.) - four character idiom

expression / noun or verb acting prenominally:

• well aware of; know thoroughly; being familiar with (and thus feeling no need for restraint)

expression / noun:

• match made in heaven; perfect match; great coupling; bush warbler in a plum tree (a common motif in poetry and classical Japanese painting) [literal] - idiom

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to keep a fine house; to put up a front; to make the front of the house nice (and be pretentious about it)

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to tuck one's tail between one's legs; to admit defeat; to turn tail (and run) - idiom

noun:

• Fukko Shinto; Restoration Shinto; Reform Shinto (prominent 18th century form of Shinto, based on the classics, and free from Confucian and Buddhist influences)

noun / suffix noun:

• lord; god; goddess; honorific title for deities (and high-ranking people) - honorific language - archaism

noun:

• (car) muffler; (piano) damper pedal; (gun) silencer

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to distinguish; to recognize; to recognise; to tell apart; to differentiate (both figuratively and visually)
• to identify (whether an object is positive or negative in some aspect); to know the difference between something of superior and inferior quality (on sight or figuratively)

adjectival noun / noun:

• chic; smart; stylish; tasteful; refined; sophisticated; worldly (esp. in terms of being familiar with the red light district, geishas and actors) - いき is also written as 意気 Antonym: 野暮
• considerate; understanding; sympathetic

noun / adjectival noun:

• essence; the best; the cream ［すい］

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to go by; to go past; to go along; to travel along; to pass through; to use (a road); to take (a route); to go via; to go by way of
• to run (between); to operate (between); to connect - of public transport
• to go indoors; to go into a room; to be admitted; to be shown in; to be ushered in; to come in
• to penetrate; to pierce; to skewer; to go through; to come through
• to permeate; to soak into; to spread throughout
• to carry (e.g. of a voice); to reach far
• to be passed on (e.g. of a customer's order to the kitchen); to be relayed; to be conveyed
• to pass (a test, a bill in the House, etc.); to be approved; to be accepted
• to go by (a name); to be known as; to be accepted as; to have a reputation for
• to be coherent; to be logical; to be reasonable; to be comprehensible; to be understandable; to make sense
• to get across (e.g. of one's point); to be understood
• to be straight (e.g. wood grain)
• to be well-informed; to be wise - archaism

suffix / godan ~る verb:

• to do ... completely; to do ... thoroughly - after the -masu stem of a verb

adverbial noun / noun:

• avenue; street; way; road
• coming and going; street traffic
• flow (of water, air, etc.)
• transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
• fame; reputation; popularity
• the same status or way; as (e.g. as expected, as I said)
• understanding; comprehension

counter:

• counter for sets of things; counter for methods, ways, types

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to pull; to draw; to pull tight
• to string (lines); to run (cable); to stretch
• to pull towards oneself (e.g. someone's sleeve)
• to drag; to haul; to tow
• to lead (e.g. one's followers)
• to take someone somewhere (e.g. a suspect to the police)
• to tempt into joining; to strongly invite to join
• to delay; to prolong
• to lengthen the pronunciation (of a word)
• to quote; to cite; to reference
• to pull the ball - Baseball term
• to wear; to put on

adverb:

• that is to say; that is; in other words; I mean; that (this, it) means
• in short; in brief; to sum up; ultimately; in the end; in the long run; when all is said and done; what it all comes down to; when you get right down to it; basically

noun:

• clogging; obstruction; stuffing; (degree of) blockage
• shrinkage
• end; conclusion ➜ とどのつまり
• dead end; corner - archaism
• distress; being at the end of one's rope - archaism

noun:

• iron (Fe)

~の noun / noun:

• strong and hard (as iron)

noun / suffix noun / prefix noun:

• railway - abbreviation ➜ 鉄道

noun / prefix noun:

• railway enthusiast - colloquialism

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to let fly; to make fly; to send flying; to blow off (e.g. in the wind); to launch; to fire; to hurl; to shoot
• to skip over; to leave out; to omit; to drop (e.g. a stitch)
• to run fast; to drive fast; to gallop
• to spray; to splash; to spatter
• to say without reservation; to call out (e.g. a jeer); to rattle of (e.g. a joke)
• to spread (e.g. a rumour); to circulate; to send out (a message); to issue (e.g. an appeal)
• to transfer (to a less important post); to send away (e.g. to a provincial branch); to demote
• to dispatch quickly (e.g. a reporter)
• to get rid of; to burn off (alcohol)
• to attack (e.g. with a leg manoeuvre)

auxiliary verb / godan ~す verb:

• to do vigorously; to do roughly; to do energetically

noun:

• pipe; tube; cylinder
• gun barrel
• gun; cannon
• well lining; well curb

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to pinch; to hold (between one's fingers); to pick up (with chopsticks, tweezers, etc.)
• to pick up and eat; to snack on
• to pick out (the main point); to summarize; to sum up
• to bewitch; to possess; to fascinate - usu. as つままれる

noun / ~する noun:

• down (opposite of up); becoming lower; being brought down; bringing down
• being down (e.g. with a cold) and unable to continue (work)
• down (e.g. a system); not running (e.g. servers) - IT term
• download; downstream - abbreviation - IT term

noun:

• down (feathers)

particle / conjunction:

• if; when
• and
• with
• particle used for quoting (with speech, thoughts, etc.) ➜ って

noun:

• promoted pawn - abbreviation - Shōgi term ➜ と金

particle:

• ? - at sentence end; indicates question - Kyūshū dialect

noun:

• hanging; something hanging (i.e. a flap, lappet, etc.)
• sauce for dipping, etc. made from soy sauce, mirin, vinegar and dashi - also タレ - usually written using kana alone
• (in kendo) loin guard
• kanji radical enclosing the top-left corner of a character

suffix noun:

• -ass; -head - used after a noun or na-adjective indicating someone's nature; also ったれ - derogatory term

noun:

• eye; eyeball
• pupil and (dark) iris of the eye - archaism
• insight; perceptivity; power of observation - archaism
• look; field of vision - archaism
• core; center; centre; essence - archaism

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

• thundering; purring; grumbling (e.g. stomach) - onomatopoeia
• something large and heavy starting to roll - onomatopoeia
• scattered about; common; commonplace; all over - onomatopoeia
• idleness; idling about - onomatopoeia
• having a foreign substance in (e.g. one's eye or stomach) - onomatopoeia

noun:

• thunder - children's language - onomatopoeia

particle:

• indicates possessive - occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之 ➜ 乃
• nominalizes verbs and adjectives
• substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ➜ が
• (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion - often ん
• (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis - female language
• (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

particle:

• too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
• both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) - as ＡもＢも
• even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than - used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.
• even if; even though; although; in spite of - often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.

adverb:

• further; more; again; another; the other - colloquialism - abbreviation ➜ もう