godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to descend; to go down; to come down
• to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.)
• to pass (of time)
• to surrender; to capitulate
• to be less than; to be inferior to - often in neg. form
• to have the runs; to have diarrhea - also written as 瀉る ➜ 腹が下る
• to pass (in stool); to be discharged from the body
• to depreciate oneself; to be humble - archaism

noun:

• boss; leader; head
• difficult enemy in a video game, usu. found at the end of a level or game

noun:

• main street (esp. in a capital); main thoroughfare ➜ 小路【こうじ】
• most important of the three classes of highway (ritsuryo period) ［たいろ］ - archaism

noun:

• 007 (James Bond's code in the books and films); double-oh-seven

noun:

• combined liquor store and bar; combined off-license and pub (licence)
• drinking alcohol while standing in the shop

noun:

• set an example worth following; take the initiative in doing something thereby setting an example for others to follow - four character idiom

noun:

• passing university entrance exams in the last year of high school (instead of failing then taking gap year(s))

noun:

• place where hair is gathered together atop the head; hair tied (or pinned) together in this position - archaism

adverb:

• too; also; likewise; either - abbreviation ➜ やっぱり
• still; as before - abbreviation
• even so; either way; nonetheless; in any event; all the same - abbreviation
• as expected - abbreviation

expression / ichidan verb:

• to occupy the throne; to sit on the royal throne ➜ 座を占める
• to be at the top; to hold the premier position; to win a championship ➜ 座を占める

noun:

• under-shoulder swing-down; technique of grasping the arm of the opponent, the moment he comes forward, while stepping out of line and pushing down on the shoulder blade with the other hand, thus pulling him down - Sumo term
• dodging; parrying (questions) ➜ 肩透かしを食わせる【かたすかしをくわせる】
• disappointment; letdown

adverb:

• now (esp. in contrast to the past); now at last; at present; right now

noun:

• modern koto (in contrast to the gagaku koto or gakuso); modern koto music ➜ 楽箏

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to fall in love (for the first time); to know love
• to be compassionate

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to lead; to take the lead; to be in a top position - idiom

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• conveying the views of the subordinates to the rulers; rulers apprehending the views of those they govern - archaism

noun:

• soba eaten at the end of the month (esp. at the end of the year)

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to invite; to ask
• to beckon; to wave someone in; to gesture to
• to call in; to send for; to summon
• to bring on oneself; to cause; to incur; to lead to; to result in

noun:

• the three grand national holidays (Prayer to the Four Quarters, Empire Day, the Emperor's Birthday; pre-1927) ➜ 紀元節・四方拝・天長節

expression:

• victory depends on the luck of the day (i.e. it isn't always the strongest who wins)

noun:

• wedgie (to a girl) i.e. pulling up the underwear from the back, driving it into the vulva - vulgar

expression:

• empty vessels make the most noise; the silent firefly burns with more passion than the crying cicada [literal] - proverb

particle / conjunction:

• among other things; such things as; or something like that

noun:

• doubt

interjection:

• I doubt that; no way; you're fibbing - from the card game Cheat, known as Doubt in Japan - colloquialism

noun:

• lucid dream (dreaming while knowing that you are dreaming)