noun:

• advance payment on behalf of a third party (with expectation that it will be reimbursed)

noun:

• small toy bow that can be shot while sitting, popular in the Edo period

noun:

• the lower illustration Antonym: 上図

noun:

• the fruit of diligent study

noun:

• 44th of the sexagenary cycle ➜ 干支

noun:

• drug included in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia

noun:

• shelf on which tea and tea implements are kept

expression / noun:

• Ark of the Covenant

~の noun / adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• since the era of the Emperor Jinmu; (first ever) since the dawn of Japan's history; unprecedented - four character idiom

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination - abbreviation ➜ 高等学校卒業程度認定試験

noun:

• ceremony honouring the spirits of ancestors (esp. the Bon festival) ➜ 魂祭り【たままつり】・盂蘭盆

adverb:

• along the north coast; along the northern sea shore

noun:

• the Lord's Prayer

noun:

• collection of short Heian period tales in the form of poems

noun:

• geisha living in the establishment

noun:

• the press; journalism; fourth estate

noun:

• spy working for the Edo shogunate; oniwaban

noun:

• the Tripitaka (complete Buddhist canon)

noun:

• the year before a critical age; the year before an inauspicious year ➜ 厄年

noun:

• around the neck; neck size (measurement)

adjective:

• smelling of the sea; smelling of the seashore

noun:

• autumn air; fall air

noun:

• ratio indicating the quantity of polished rice gained from a given quantity of brown rice (nowadays usually expressed as a percent)

expression / noun:

• master of the household

noun:

• company name with the words "kabushiki kaisha" at the end ➜ 前株