noun:

• bamboo wall-top spikes (or wood, iron); spikes placed at the top of a wall to repel thieves

noun:

• doing something for the first time (ever, in a season, etc.) - polite language ➜ 初【はつ】
• new item; first crop of the season

noun:

• stairs at the front of a noh stage, which go over the white gravel separating the audience from the stage ➜ 白洲

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to make good use of one's spare moments
• to weave one's way (e.g. through a crowd)

noun:

• different character; other character
• variant character; different written form of a character

noun:

• leading members of a party; party executive; party leadership; senior party members

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to move up (e.g. date, rank, order); to be advanced Antonym: 繰り下がる
• to be carried (of a number in addition) - Mathematics term ➜ 繰り下がる

expression / adverb:

• naturally; not surprisingly; it should be appreciated that; understandably; as a matter of course; as is obvious; as will be understood

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to send (a thing); to dispatch; to despatch; to transmit
• to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person)
• to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury
• to spend (time); to live one's life
• to pass (down the line)
• to affix okurigana ➜ 送り仮名

particle:

• -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going") - as …たり…たり, after the ren'youkei forms of multiple verbs
• doing such things as... - used adverbially
• expresses a command - as …たり…たり at sentence-end, after the ren'youkei forms of a repeated verb

auxiliary verb:

• to be ［たり］ - from とあり, after a noun - archaism ➜ たる
• indicates completion or continuation of an action ［たり］ - from 〜てあり, after the ren'youkei form of a verb - archaism

noun:

• layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world
• local manners; modern customs

adjectival noun / ~の noun:

• common; popular
• vulgar; low Antonym: 雅【が】

noun:

• dejected loser; dog that has lost a fight (with its tail between its legs) [literal]
• unmarried woman (with no children) over the age of 30 - slang - derogatory term ➜ お一人様【おひとりさま】

noun:

• women working in military brothels (esp. those forced into prostitution as a form of sexual slavery by the Japanese military during WWII); comfort women [literal] - euphemism ➜ 従軍慰安婦

suffix:

• our gracious (e.g. Queen); honorific that attaches to name of a person or thing that has bestowed grace or favour upon you

noun:

• postcards with the bottom third of the front side reserved for an advertisement, and sold at a lower cost than regular postcards

noun:

• shelving (a play, movie, etc.); closing down; cancelling; canceling; shelf (i.e. "on the shelf") ➜ 蔵【くら】
• rice storehouse of the Edo shogunate

noun:

• companies exploiting debtors by forcing them to make expensive credit card purchases and buying the purchases at a fraction of the price

noun:

• "benefit-your-locality" tax scheme; system in which taxpayers can choose to divert part of their residential tax to a specified local government

noun:

• desktop
• desktop computer - IT term
• desktop of a computer (the primary screen for most graphical-based computer operating systems) - IT term

expression:

• regardless of; irrespective of; without distinction of; no matter (how, what, when, etc.) ➜ 問う

noun:

• near-field earthquake; local earthquake, esp. with a shallow focus directly under a populated area

expression:

• a balanced diet leads to a healthy body; healthy food both prevents and cures sickness - four character idiom

expression / ichidan verb:

• to have a good eye (from having seen fine art, etc.); to be a connoisseur ➜ 肥える

godan ~す verb:

• to let out a roar (hum, groan, moan); to produce a loud noise

noun:

• taking a wife by kidnapping a woman passing by on the road - archaism