noun:

• bride's silk floss headdress
• clumps of snow (on tree branches, stones, etc.)

noun:

• male lay devotee - Buddhism term
• title affixed to man's posthumous Buddhist name
• believer ［しんし］ - archaism

expression:

• far beyond one's power; not at all equal; no match for ➜ 及びもつかない

noun:

• winter greeting card; inquiring after someone's health in the cold season - four character idiom

noun:

• safety (well-being) of one's family; peace and prosperity in the household

noun / adjectival noun:

• self-willed; (doing or saying things) to suit one's own convenience - four character idiom

noun:

• prevalence of arbitrariness; rife with arbitrary decisions (acting on one's own authority) - four character idiom

noun:

• (with) unkempt hair and dirty face; being indifferent to one's personal appearance - four character idiom

expression:

• I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable
• thank you very much (for help, etc.)

noun:

• dullard (gen. from not picking up on other people's feelings) ➜ 鈍い【にぶい】

noun:

• teacher's license (licence) (required to teach in preschool, elementary or secondary schools)

noun:

• Vaishya; Vaisya (member of India's merchant-and-farmer caste)

noun:

• Pele's hair (threads of volcanic glass formed in mid-air)

noun:

• summer greeting card; inquiry after someone's health in the hot season ➜ 暑中見舞い

noun:

• Emperor Meiji's birthday (November 3rd; national holiday held from 1927 to 1948) ➜ 文化の日

expression / godan ~む verb:

• to hold in one's mouth (without biting, before chewing or swallowing, etc.)

noun / adjectival noun:

• vibrancy; strength; bravery; manliness
• (esp. of men) one's prime (approx. age 30)

expression:

• there's no medicine for stupidity - proverb ➜ 馬鹿に付ける薬は無い

adjectival noun:

• neglectful (i.e. in the treatment of one's guests)

adjectival noun:

• neglectful (i.e. in the treatment of one's guests) - polite language

noun:

• Peyronie's disease

noun:

• allotment of rice paddies for cultivation during the cultivator's lifetime (ritsuryo system)

noun:

• full slip (combining hadajuban and susoyoke) worn under women's kimono ➜ 肌襦袢【はだじゅばん】・裾除け【すそよけ】・長襦袢【ながじゅばん】

expression / adjective:

• preventing one's opponent from getting an underarm grip - Sumo term
• having weak defenses

noun:

• Japan's first coinage (dating to 683 CE, but perhaps never in circulation) ➜ 和同開珎