auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

• indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive") - れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段 verbs. After the -nai stem of a verb ➜ 迷惑の受身【めいわくのうけみ】
• indicates the potential form - no imperative form
• indicates spontaneous occurrence - no imperative form
• used as an honorific for others' actions - no imperative form - honorific language

noun:

• viewpoint; point of view
• way of understanding; way of appreciating; how to look at something (e.g. noh, train schedule) - esp. 〜の見方

noun:

• without intermission for ten (long) years; with constancy of purpose for ten (long) years; in the same old rut for years on end - four character idiom

noun:

• bamboo growing along a river bank
• Japanese timber bamboo (Phyllostachys bambsoides); giant timber bamboo; madake
• Simon bamboo (Pleioblastus simonii)
• prostitute; the life of a prostitute - archaism

noun:

• same period of last year; the same month a year ago; year-ago month

expression / ichidan verb:

• to exceed the budget; to overrun the budget - idiom
• to have a secret revealed - idiom

noun:

• style of clothes; method of tailoring; method of training

noun:

• memorandum of agreement; memorandum of understanding; letter of intent

noun:

• period of work; period of service; tour of duty

noun:

• breach of faith; breach of trust; act of disloyalty

noun:

• feeling of fullness; sense of sufficiency; feeling of satisfaction

noun:

• area of influence; zone of influence; extent of impact

noun:

• dead end; cul-de-sac; blind alley; no through road (i.e. on signage)
• end; end of the road; end point; as far as one can go

noun:

• Roche limit; Roche's limit (closest that a natural satellite can come to the center of a planet without disintegrating due to tidal forces)

adjectival noun / noun:

• no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken
• hopeless; wasted; in vain; purposeless
• cannot; must not; not allowed

noun:

• neutral point (in go); intersection owned by neither player at the end of a game

noun:

• root (of a plant)
• root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.)
• root (of all evil, etc.); source; origin; cause; basis
• one's true nature
• (fishing) reef

conjunction:

• cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time

noun:

• the thirteen sects of Sect Shinto (Fuso-kyo, Taisha-kyo, Jikko-kyo, Konko-kyo, Kurozumi-kyo, Misogi-kyo, Ontake-kyo, Shinri-kyo, Shinshu-kyo, Shinto Shusei-ha, Shinto Taikyo, Taisei-kyo, Tenri-kyo) ➜ 教派神道

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to become hard and fibrous; to go to seed; to have passed one's prime; to have lost the first bloom of one's youth

adjective:

• dark; gloomy; murky
• depressed; dispirited; down in the dumps; dark (mood)
• dark (in colour); dull
• ill-boding; dark (e.g. past); suspicious
• unlikely (to succeed); hopeless; unpromising
• unfamiliar (with); ignorant (of) - as 〜に暗い Antonym: 明るい

noun:

• first lunar month ➜ 睦月
• first month
• first moon of the month; new moon

noun:

• the eight precepts (in addition to the five precepts, prohibitions against: lying in a luxurious bed; self-decoration, song & dance; and eating after noon) - Buddhism term ➜ 五戒

noun:

• doorstop interview; doorstep interview; on-the-move interview; informal interview in which reporters surround a public figure and prod him for an off-the-cuff response

noun:

• black hair that has been dyed blond after the roots begin to grow in at the top giving an appearance much like custard pudding; pudding head [literal] - colloquialism

noun / ~する noun:

• spanking

noun:

• traditional ceremony where the newly-wed wife, upon entering her new home, was hit on the rump with a straw bundle etc., to ensure her fertility