godan ~く verb:

• to wear on the head - archaism
• to have cloth, clothing, etc. bestowed upon one by their lord or master; to wear such cloth on the left shoulder
• to be injured

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to rot; to go bad; to decay; to spoil; to fester; to decompose; to turn sour (e.g. milk)
• to corrode; to weather; to crumble
• to become useless; to blunt; to weaken (from lack of practice)
• to become depraved; to be degenerate; to be morally bankrupt; to be corrupt
• to be depressed; to be dispirited; to feel discouraged; to feel down ➜ 気が腐る【きがくさる】

auxiliary verb / godan ~る verb:

• to have the audacity to; to be bastard enough to - after the -masu stem of a verb; indicates scorn or disdain for another's action - usually written using kana alone - Kansai dialect ➜ やがる

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to lose a bet - archaism
• to be drenched; to become sopping wet - archaism

adjectival noun / noun:

• standing on formality; in a reserved manner; treating a friend as a stranger; unduly distant; formal - four character idiom

noun:

• samurai
• person of extensive learning; person of great culture; person of superior social standing

adverb:

• ... the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?"); ... on earth (e.g. "who on earth?") - emph. form of 一体 - four character idiom

expression:

• start with the first step; when embarking on a great project, start with immediate steps ➜ 隗より始めよ
• he who first suggests it should be the first to do it ➜ 隗より始めよ

expression:

• start with the first step; when embarking on a great project, start with immediate steps - proverb
• he who first suggests it should be the first to do it - proverb

noun:

• salt
• crest of a wave; flowerlike patterns on waves in the Japan Sea in winter

noun:

• padding, armour, etc. covering the testicles
• mantle or hood on a urinal, squat-toilet, etc.

noun:

• shrine
• palace; imperial residence
• member of the imperial family - honorific language
• headboard (on a bed); headstand
• temple - archaism

noun / ~する noun:

• payment of a sum twice the original; giving back a gift double the value of the one received; repaying twofold
• inflicting a revenge twice as hurtful (painful, costly, etc.) as the original misdeed

noun:

• rite welcoming back the gods from Izumo Shrine (on the last day of the tenth lunar month) ➜ 神送り

noun / suffix noun:

• just before; on the verge of; on the brink of
• just in front of; just ahead of

noun:

• food served on a table (esp. food served on a small Japanese table) ➜ 膳部

noun:

• ceremonial removal of the coffin from the house (lay person) or temple (priest) (Zen Buddhism) - Buddhism term

noun:

• lower government office (ritsuryo system)
• servant of a higher ranking person (during the middle ages); retainer
• servant of an urban family
• serf ➜ 被官百姓

noun:

• farrier (person who fits foot irons on horses and cows); hoof (care) specialist

noun:

• water offered to God; water drunk before an altar to symbolize the making of a vow
• miracle-working water
• water which gathers in the nodes of bamboo after falling as rain at noon on the 5th day of the 5th month (lunar calendar), thought to be effective when used in medicines

expression:

• useless object; deadwood; white elephant; boondoggle

noun:

• annoying noise; fruitless argument; useless controversy - four character idiom

expression / noun:

• person of high standing facing no opposition and with a warped view of reality
• The Emperor's New Clothes (tale by Hans Christian Andersen) - orig. meaning

noun:

• west wind in the early spring (traditionally on the night of the 20th day of the second month of the lunar calendar); wind that blows seashells ashore [literal]

noun:

• dumplings offered to the moon (on the 15th day of the 8th month and the 13th day of the 9th month)

noun:

• blow to a vital point of a person's body; striking techniques (judo) - Martial Arts term

expression / noun:

• collecting herbs and pulling out young pine trees by the roots (annual event held on the first Day of the Rat of the New Year)