noun:

• character; personality; disposition
• character (in a film, novel, comic, etc.)
• letter; character; symbol

noun:

• first and second; A and B
• superiority and (or) inferiority; distinction (in quality); discernment; discrimination

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to stay in bed; to sleep; to be laid up for a long time

noun:

• sultry night; sweltering night; night in which temperature doesn't fall below 25 degrees C

noun:

• stone placed on railway track (by children)
• decorative garden stone
• handicap stone (in go) ➜ 置き碁【おきご】

noun:

• false start of a bout - Sumo term
• backsies (called when taking back a move in a game)

ichidan verb:

• to bury something in the ground
• to cover coals with ash; to bank a fire

noun:

• the Avici hell, the eighth and most painful of the eight hells in Buddhism - four character idiom

noun:

• illegal resident (in a country); illegal alien; illegal overstayer (person who has overstayed their visa)

noun:

• overhead ladder; horizontal ladder; monkey bars
• yunti (scaling ladder used for escalade in ancient China)

noun:

• Korean flute (horizontal bamboo flute with six holes; highest-pitched flute used in gagaku)

noun:

• Heath monitor (Varanus rosenbergi, species of carnivorous monitor lizard found in Australia); Rosenberg's monitor

noun:

• one of the six administrators of a Zen temple (in charge of general affairs) - Buddhism term ➜ 六知事

noun:

• steaming basket (traditionally clay or wood) ➜ 蒸篭
• steaming vat (for steaming rice in sake production) ［こしき］

noun:

• suggestion box; comment box
• complaints box placed in front of the supreme court (Edo period) - archaism

noun:

• radio equipment; facility that can transmit radio waves (as defined in Japan's radio law)

adverb / ~と adverb:

• cool; collected - onomatopoeia
• expression of disappointment (e.g. falling "wuh-wuh-wuh" sound in TV shows, etc.) - onomatopoeia

noun:

• minced meat; hashed meat; pieces of meat (often sold in a pack)

noun:

• Self-Strengthening Movement; Westernization Movement; political reform movement in China during the late Qing dynasty

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to stab each other
• to sacrifice oneself in order to harm someone else

noun:

• muscle; tendon; sinew
• vein; artery
• fiber; fibre; string
• line; stripe; streak
• reason; logic ➜ 筋が通る
• plot; storyline
• lineage; descent
• school (e.g. of scholarship or arts)
• aptitude; talent
• source (of information, etc.); circle; channel
• well-informed person (in a transaction)
• logical move (in go, shogi, etc.)
• ninth vertical line - Shōgi term
• seam on a helmet
• gristly fish paste (made of muscle, tendons, skin, etc.) - abbreviation ➜ 筋蒲鉾
• social position; status - archaism

suffix noun / noun / ~の noun:

• on (a river, road, etc.); along

suffix / counter:

• counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions
• (Edo period) counter for hundreds of mon (obsolete unit of currency) - archaism

noun:

• outline; main point; gist

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• general; substantially; approximately; about
• in the first place; to begin with; from the start

adverb / ~と adverb:

• gradually; little by little; in a breezy manner - onomatopoeia

adverb:

• soon; before long - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

• here and there; scattered - onomatopoeia

noun:

• spots; dots; pimples; rash - onomatopoeia

noun:

• actual article or goods
• spots (stocks, foreign exchange, commodities, etc.)
• (in) kind (income, benefit, rent, taxes, investment, etc.)

noun / ~する noun:

• hardening; vulcanization; vulcanisation; sclerosis; curing Antonym: 軟化
• hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.); stiffening; toughening Antonym: 軟化
• upturn (in the market); firming up Antonym: 軟化