noun / ~する noun:

• national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners) ➜ 開国

noun:

• sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate

noun:

• mask squeeze; unequal pressure between the mask air space and the vascular pressure within the blood vessels of the face

noun:

• the world and the nation; the state of the world; high affairs of state - four character idiom

noun:

• invoking the coercive power of the state; calling upon the power of the state

noun:

• soft, crumpled, unlacquered headwear (often worn by soldiers under their helmets from the Kamakura period onward) ➜ 烏帽子

noun:

• the speed of light

noun:

• the light of dawn

noun:

• closing days of the Tokugawa shogunate; end of Edo era

noun:

• the sun, the moon and the stars; the heavenly bodies - four character idiom

noun:

• free markets and open guilds (policy enacted by daimyo in the Azuchimomoyama Period (1573-1598) that weakened the strict regulations surrounding business establishment in market places and important cities, allowing new businesses to open in Joka-machi market places)

noun:

• within the town limits of Edo - archaism

expression / ichidan verb:

• to warm the bench; to stay on the bench during a sports match

noun:

• little shop; small shop; small store
• my shop ［しょうてん］ - humble language
• low class whorehouse in Fujiwara (Edo period); low class brothel ［こみせ］
• passage formed under the eaves of houses after heavy snowfalls (Tōhoku region) ［こみせ］

expression:

• out of the frying pan into the fire; out of the tiger's mouth into the dragon's den [literal] - proverb

noun:

• sky; the heavens ➜ 下土
• God; the Lord; the Creator; the Supreme Being
• ascension (into heaven)

noun:

• pigeon seen on the morning of the New Year (e.g. as one is going to the shrine or temple for the New Year prayers)

noun:

• swastika (45-degree clockwise swastika used by the Nazi party) - From German "Hakenkreuz" ➜ 卍

noun:

• advertising the excellence of one's wares; boasting; self-advertisement
• statement of the virtues of a medicine; description of the virtues of a drug ➜ 効能書き【こうのうがき】

noun:

• the Avici hell, the eighth and most painful of the eight hells in Buddhism - four character idiom

noun:

• Edo-period form of torture in which criminals were stuffed into straw bags with their heads exposed, piled together, and whipped (commonly used on Christians)

noun / ~する noun:

• the end of the match; the end of the game

noun:

• The Classic of Poetry; The Book of Songs; The Book of Odes; Shijing; Shih Ching ➜ 五経

noun:

• night where one waits for someone who is supposed to come - archaism
• night of the 14th day of the eight month of the lunar calendar - archaism

noun:

• the world; society; the universe
• sphere; circle; world

~の noun:

• renowned; world-famous; well-known outside of Japan

noun:

• realm governed by one Buddha; space - original meaning - Buddhism term

noun:

• the whole country; the public; the world; the ruling power; having one's own way