expression / godan ~る verb:

• to win the prize; to win the ring

expression / adjective:

• beautiful to the eye; pleasant to the eye; sightly

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to make the impossible possible; to accomplish the impossible

noun:

• four-on-the-floor; four-to-the-floor - Music term

noun:

• bass range (in Japanese music) - abbreviation ➜ 甲【かん】
• six even-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale ➜ 十二律・律
• Japanese seven-tone gagaku scale similar to Mixolydian mode (corresp. to: re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do) ➜ 呂旋

noun:

• Galapagos phenomenon; Galapagos syndrome; tendency of Japanese products (e.g. cell phones) to be designed specifically for the domestic market, which are therefore unsuccessful overseas and also vulnerable to competition from imports - because the Galapagos contains many endemic species ➜ ガラパゴス化

expression:

• to be frank with you; to tell you the truth; I'm going to lay my cards on the table

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• any and every thing; altogether; lock, stock, and barrel; the whole shooting match; the whole kit and caboodle; without reserve - four character idiom

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

• indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive") - れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段 verbs. After the -nai stem of a verb ➜ 迷惑の受身【めいわくのうけみ】
• indicates the potential form - no imperative form
• indicates spontaneous occurrence - no imperative form
• used as an honorific for others' actions - no imperative form - honorific language

noun:

• viewpoint; point of view
• way of understanding; way of appreciating; how to look at something (e.g. noh, train schedule) - esp. 〜の見方

noun:

• without intermission for ten (long) years; with constancy of purpose for ten (long) years; in the same old rut for years on end - four character idiom

noun:

• bamboo growing along a river bank
• Japanese timber bamboo (Phyllostachys bambsoides); giant timber bamboo; madake
• Simon bamboo (Pleioblastus simonii)
• prostitute; the life of a prostitute - archaism

noun:

• same period of last year; the same month a year ago; year-ago month

expression / ichidan verb:

• to exceed the budget; to overrun the budget - idiom
• to have a secret revealed - idiom

noun:

• style of clothes; method of tailoring; method of training

noun:

• memorandum of agreement; memorandum of understanding; letter of intent

noun:

• period of work; period of service; tour of duty

noun:

• breach of faith; breach of trust; act of disloyalty

noun:

• feeling of fullness; sense of sufficiency; feeling of satisfaction

noun:

• area of influence; zone of influence; extent of impact

noun:

• dead end; cul-de-sac; blind alley; no through road (i.e. on signage)
• end; end of the road; end point; as far as one can go

noun:

• Roche limit; Roche's limit (closest that a natural satellite can come to the center of a planet without disintegrating due to tidal forces)

adjectival noun / noun:

• no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken
• hopeless; wasted; in vain; purposeless
• cannot; must not; not allowed

noun:

• neutral point (in go); intersection owned by neither player at the end of a game

noun:

• root (of a plant)
• root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.)
• root (of all evil, etc.); source; origin; cause; basis
• one's true nature
• (fishing) reef

conjunction:

• cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time