noun:

• atmospheric oxidation; oxidation upon exposure to the air; air oxidation; smoothering

noun:

• nape of the neck; back of the neck; scruff of the neck

noun:

• the same country; the same province; the said country

noun:

• sea sand (sand collected from the ocean floor, as opposed to that which is used as an ingredient in concrete)

noun:

• people from overseas, especially from China and Korea, who settled in early Japan and introduced Continental culture to the Japanese

suffix:

• taking a quantity (of time, people, etc.)
• similar to ...
• dependent on ...; reliant on ...
• while ...; when ...; in the midst of ... - after the -masu stem of a verb

noun:

• song sung by children during the New Year's bird-driving procession (later adopted by door-to-door musicians) ➜ 鳥追い【とりおい】・門付歌

noun:

• building on the greater palace grounds used by the emperor for viewing horse racing, horseback archery, etc. ➜ 大内裏
• martial arts practice hall at Heian Shrine (est. in 1895 by the Dai Nippon Butoku Kai, now defunct)

noun / ~する noun:

• cheating on train fare by buying tickets covering only the first and last portions of the journey (so-called because traditional pipes had metal only in two short segments at the ends) ➜ 煙管乗り

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to have a flag set (indicates the setting of a variable that determines, for example, how a game will end) - slang - IT term

noun:

• game of chance similar to rock, paper scissors, where the different hand gestures symbolize a fox, a hunter and a village head

suffix:

• particularly; especially
• indicates the number of horses or oxen drawing a carriage; indicates the number of oars on a boat
• indicates the number of movies, plays, etc. comprising a single program; indicates the number of items or methods used

noun / ~の noun:

• next seat; the seat next to

expression:

• to that extent ➜ 其れだけ
• accordingly; that being the case; because of that; this means that ...
• that state; that condition

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to be turned up; to be turned inside out; to ride up; to be lifted (e.g. by wind)

godan ~す verb:

• to question again; to repeat a question (esp. a problematic point, or to verify understanding); to repeat a query

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to fill (one's heart); to experience a welling up of feelings or sensations
• to feel nauseated

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to continue (for a long time); to occur in succession; to come next (e.g. on TV)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to act arrogantly; to be puffed up with success; to behave like one is better than others

adverb:

• earnestly; intently; determinedly; by all means - archaism
• ... the heck (e.g. "what the heck?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?"); ... on earth (e.g. "who on earth?") - archaism ➜ 一体全体【いったいぜんたい】

noun:

• enlightenment of the masses; leading the masses on the path of enlightenment (Buddhism) - four character idiom

noun:

• humble language in which the listener (or a third party) is the indirect object of an action (or the recipient of an object, etc.) ➜ 謙譲語ＩＩ

noun:

• the respective (relative) strength of political parties; distribution of the number of parliamentary seats held by each of the political parties - four character idiom

noun:

• the ways of the world; human nature

noun:

• the first beat of the war drum