noun:

• grand purification ceremony (so-called because it was overseen by the Nakatomi family) - archaism ➜ 大祓

noun:

• dazaifu (under the ritsuryo system, governmental office with jurisdiction over Kyushu, Iki and Tsushima) ➜ 律令制

noun:

• half lotus position (meditation posture); sitting with one foot placed on the opposite thigh - abbreviation ➜ 半跏趺坐

noun:

• Declaration of Humanity (wherein Hirohito renounced the imperial claim to divinity; Jan. 1, 1946)

noun:

• Meiji 27-28 Campaign (alternate name for the First Sino-Japanese war; 1894-1895) - obscure term ➜ 日清戦争

noun:

• Dioscorea tokoro (species of wild yam)
• old man living in the countryside ［やろう］

noun:

• complete state ownership of land and citizens (proclaimed by the Taika reforms) (Ritsuryo period) ➜ 私地私民

noun:

• ekayana (doctrine that only one teaching, usu. the Lotus Sutra, can lead to enlightenment) - Buddhism term

expression:

• he who touches pitch shall be defiled therewith; one rotten apple spoils the barrel - proverb

expression:

• there is no comparison between the two; it's not a same-day discussion [literal] - proverb

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• the prospects look brighter; there is hope of accomplishing (something)

noun:

• University Entrance Qualification Examination (establishes the equivalent of high-school graduation prior to 2005) - abbreviation ➜ 大学入学資格検定

noun:

• University Entrance Qualification Examination (establishes the equivalent of high-school graduation prior to 2005) ➜ 高校卒業程度認定試験

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• bright (esp. of the moon)
• broad and empty ［こうこう］

noun:

• style of recitative dance popular during the Muromachi period (often with a military theme)

noun:

• archer's glove (with a groove for pulling the string)

noun:

• Squamata (order of scaled reptiles, sometimes esp. the Sauria or Lacertilia) ➜ 有鱗類

noun:

• satyrid (any butterfly of subfamily Satyrinae, esp. the dryad, Minois dryas); grayling

noun:

• Boxing Day (public holiday in the UK, Aus., Canada, etc.)

noun:

• increase in digit (e.g. if we add 2 to the number 9)

noun:

• erection of a pillar by sinking it directly into the ground

noun:

• empathetically putting oneself in the place of a handicapped person - From English "cap handy"

noun:

• longnose butterfly fish (Forcipiger flavissimus, species of butterflyfish from the Indo-Pacific); forcepsfish

noun:

• sitting on the floor grasping one's knees (as in a gym class)

noun:

• redface dwarfgoby (Trimma benjamini, species found in the Western Pacific); ring-eye pygmy-goby