expression / godan ~る verb:

• to observe the reasons and types of faults a person makes is to come to know whether they are virtuous or not

noun:

• five punishments (of ancient China: tattooing, cutting off the nose, cutting off a leg, castration or confinement, death) - archaism
• five punishments (of the ritsuryo system: light caning, severe caning, imprisonment, exile, death) ➜ 律令制

noun:

• five punishments (of the ritsuryo system: light caning, severe caning, imprisonment, exile, death) - archaism ➜ 律令制
• five punishments (of ancient China: tattooing, cutting off the nose, cutting off a leg, castration or confinement, death) ➜ 五刑

noun:

• retort; sealed plastic pouch typically containing ready-made sauce or stew; boil-in-the-bag - Food term
• retort; glass vessel used for distillation (now largely obs.) - Chemistry term - From Dutch

noun:

• draft of a standard; draft standard

noun / ~する noun:

• drawing release; release of a drawing

noun:

• plank of a bridge; bridge plank

noun:

• lining of a sleeve; sleeve lining

noun:

• currency value; value of a currency

noun:

• state governor; governor of a state

noun:

• in calligraphy, a style of holding the brush between the thumb and the index and middle fingers ➜ 単鉤法

noun:

• "roof" kanji radical at top (radical 40) - 宀 ➜ 字【じ】

noun:

• most likely contender; prime candidate; top prospect; leading candidate

adjectival noun / adverbial noun / noun:

• very hard; with utmost effort; with all one's might; for dear life - four character idiom ➜ 一所懸命

expression / adverb:

• nothing (with neg. verbs); not any
• and everything else (with noun plus "mo"); all

adverb:

• together; jointly
• at the same time; with; as ...; including; along with - often as ...とともに
• both

noun:

• with an open and calm mind; with no preconceived notions; without reserve; frank; candid - four character idiom

noun:

• miso mixed with minced great burdock, ginger, etc. and sweetened with sugar ➜ 味噌

noun:

• thick toast with honey (and often with fruit, icecream, etc.) - From English "honey toast"

expression / adjective:

• knowing how to swim with the tide; being good at dealing with things ➜ 要領がいい【ようりょうがいい】

noun:

• top ten; the ten best - From English "best ten"

suffix noun / noun:

• top hundred; hundred best

noun:

• closely-guarded secret; top secret

noun:

• "awakening of insects" solar term (approx. Mar. 6, the day on which hibernating insects are said to come out of the ground)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to look back on (the past); to reflect on; to reminisce about ➜ 省みる【かえりみる】
• to look behind (at); to turn round (and look); to look over one's shoulder
• to consider; to concern oneself about; to take notice of; to pay attention to; to take into consideration - usu. in the negative