adverb:

• approximately; about

noun:

• promise
• shortening; reduction; simplification
• contraction (in phonetics) - Linguistics term ➜ 約音

noun / ~する noun:

• service; help; assistance; care; concern
• discount; freebie; free gift
• (after-sales) service; servicing; (product) maintenance

noun:

• service (e.g. in tennis); serve - Sports term ➜ サーブ

noun:

• crevice; crack; gap; opening; clearance
• spare moment; interval; break; pause; spare time
• chink (in one's armor, armour); unpreparedness; carelessness

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to descend; to go down; to come down
• to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.)
• to pass (of time)
• to surrender; to capitulate
• to be less than; to be inferior to - often in neg. form
• to have the runs; to have diarrhea - also written as 瀉る ➜ 腹が下る
• to pass (in stool); to be discharged from the body
• to depreciate oneself; to be humble - archaism

noun / ~の noun:

• double - sometimes written as "Ｗ" ➜ シングル
• double bed; hotel room with a double bed - abbreviation ➜ ダブルベッド
• double-breasted - abbreviation ➜ ダブルブレスト
• double-cuffed
• double width (of cloth; usu. 1.42 meters) - abbreviation ➜ ダブル幅
• doubles (e.g. in tennis) - abbreviation - Sports term ➜ ダブルス

noun:

• biracial person (esp. half-Japanese); person of mixed parentage - alternative to ハーフ ➜ ハーフ

noun:

• model; dummy; mock-up
• model (profession); fashion model
• model (of a car, etc.); make; version
• model; example; template; standard
• model (in model theory); theory
• person a fictional character was modeled on; inspiration

noun / ~する noun:

• opposition; rebellion; revolt; resistance; backlash; refusal
• rebounding; recoiling; repulsion
• rally (e.g. in stock prices); recovery

noun / ~する noun:

• being elected
• being selected (to win a prize, etc.)
• winning (in a lottery, raffle, etc.) ➜ 当籤

noun:

• ear (of plant); head (of plant)
• point; tip
• scion (in grafting); cion

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to make (the best) use of; to put to good use; to leverage (skills, attributes, experience, etc.); to capitalise on (experience, etc.)
• to let live; to keep alive
• to revive; to resuscitate; to bring back to life
• to restore (a deleted passage; in proofreading)

noun:

• time
• thyme
• time out (e.g. in sport)

noun:

• mark; symbol; insignia; logo; label; emblem

~する noun:

• to mark; to put a mark on

noun:

• trademark - abbreviation ➜ トレードマーク

noun / ~する noun:

• paying attention to; focusing on; watching; guarding; marking
• registering a record (in sport, etc.)

noun:

• Mach (OS kernel) - IT term

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves)

auxiliary verb / godan ~る verb:

• to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to do with reckless abandon

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind - slang

noun:

• reason; principle; logic
• general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon) - Buddhism term ➜ 事【じ】
• (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos

noun / suffix noun:

• plan
• meter; measuring device

prefix:

• (in) total; total (of)

noun:

• annual
• fiscal year; school year

suffix:

• year (in some sequence)

noun:

• actual article or goods
• spots (stocks, foreign exchange, commodities, etc.)
• (in) kind (income, benefit, rent, taxes, investment, etc.)

noun / ~する noun:

• hardening; vulcanization; vulcanisation; sclerosis; curing Antonym: 軟化
• hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.); stiffening; toughening Antonym: 軟化
• upturn (in the market); firming up Antonym: 軟化

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to make a decision; to draw a conclusion
• to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to pass a sentence; to give an order
• to let go down; to lower
• to do oneself; to do by oneself ➜ 手を下す
• to beat; to defeat
• to have loose bowels; to have diarrhea
• to pass (in stool); to discharge from the body

auxiliary verb / godan ~す verb:

• to do in one go; to do to the end without stopping

noun / adjectival noun:

• one's own convenience; one's way; selfishness

noun:

• surroundings; environment; way of doing things
• convenience; ease of use
• financial circumstances; living; livelihood
• kitchen ➜ 台所
• right hand (in archery); hand that pulls the bowstring

prefix noun:

• unauthorised (e.g. phone app, WWW site); unofficial

noun:

• vital part (of the body); tender spot; weak point; vitals
• key point; essential point; crux (of a problem); heart (of a matter)
• male crotch (as a target in fighting) - colloquialism ➜ 金的

noun:

• Buddhist priest; bonze
• close-cropped hair; crew cut; person with a shorn head
• boy; sonny; lad - familiar language - derogatory term
• not catching anything (in fishing) ➜ お凸【おでこ】

noun:

• interval; space; interstice; threshold
• valley; gorge; ravine
• loophole (in a wall); crenel; eyelet

noun:

• volleyball - abbreviation ➜ バレーボール
• valley ➜ 谷
• ballet ➜ バレエ
• barré (chord in guitar technique) - Music term ➜ セーハ

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to weather (a storm, rough seas); to ride across; to sail across
• to get through (adversity); to weather; to get over; to tide over; to overcome; to survive

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to load completely (e.g. books on a shelf, people or luggage in a car)