particle:

• yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it? - used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)
• or; whether or not - after each alternative
• some- (e.g. something, someone) - after an interrogative ➜ 何か
• hmm; huh - indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles ➜ とか

prefix:

• very - emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective ➜ か弱い

suffix:

• -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y - suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word ➜ 定か

adverb:

• in that way - archaism

adverb:

• always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively; invariably

adverb:

• not always; not necessarily; not all; not entirely - used with neg. verb

noun:

• they (of people); gentlemen (of the ...) - honorific language
• you (usu. plural) - honorific language

adverb:

• various

adverb / pronoun:

• here and there; all around; everywhere; throughout; all over

~する noun:

• to get things in the wrong order (back to front); to become muddled up ［あちこち・あちらこちら・あっちこっち・アチコチ］

~の noun / adjectival noun / adverb:

• considerably; fairly; quite

noun:

• traditional cap worn by Shinto clergy and courtiers ➜ 衣冠・束帯
• crown; diadem; coronet
• top kanji radical ［かんむり］
• first verse of a haikai, etc. ［かむり］ ➜ 俳諧

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• best; peerless; first ［かん］

noun:

• name; title; named sponsorship of a program, event, team, etc. ［かんむり］

~の noun / adjectival noun / noun:

• particular; special; exceptional; especial

adverb:

• particularly; especially; exceptionally

adverb / pronoun:

• this and that; this or that; one thing or another; this way and that

adverb:

• around; about; round about; roughly; nearly; almost ［かれこれ］

adverb:

• on the contrary; rather; all the more; instead

adverb / ~の noun:

• previously; already; for some time; for quite a while

adverb:

• alternately; by turns

adverb / ~の noun:

• once; before; formerly; ever; former; ex-
• never yet; never before; first time; still not happened - used with neg. verb

adverb / conjunction:

• yet; moreover; and

adverb:

• barely; narrowly; only just; with difficulty

adverb:

• supposing; even if; granting that; for argument's sake
• temporarily; provisionally; for the time being

expression / adverb / ~の noun:

• in great numbers

adjectival noun / adverb / noun:

• special; exceptional; remarkable

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

• noisily (crowd of people talking); clamorously; in a hubbub; jabberingly; chatteringly; buzzingly - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

• loudly (laughing) ［かやかや・カヤカヤ］ - onomatopoeia - archaism

~と adverb / adverb:

• with a clatter - onomatopoeia
• with a fling (opening a door, window, etc.) - onomatopoeia
• bright and clear (weather, sky, etc.); perfectly (fine weather) - onomatopoeia
• nicely dry (laundry, air, etc.); crisply (fried, cooked, etc.) - onomatopoeia
• cheerfully; frankly; open-heartedly - onomatopoeia
• completely (forget, change, etc.); totally - onomatopoeia

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• firm; unshakeable; resolute

~の noun / adjectival noun / ~する noun / adverb / ~と adverb:

• dry and rough; desiccated - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

• rustling - onomatopoeia

~と adverb / adverb:

• ticktock - onomatopoeia
• chinking (e.g. of a hammer against rock); knocking; clicking; clacking; clattering - onomatopoeia

~の noun / adjectival noun:

• dry and hard; (frozen) stiff - onomatopoeia
• hidebound; die-hard; stubborn; obstinate; bigoted - onomatopoeia
• scared stiff; tense; nervous; frightened - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~する noun:

• flaring up; burning hotly; suddenly becoming bright - onomatopoeia
• flying into a rage; losing one's cool - onomatopoeia
• opening suddenly and widely (e.g. eyes, mouth) - onomatopoeia
• acting resolutely - onomatopoeia - archaism

~と adverb / adverb / ~する noun:

• lightly; easily; carelessly

~と adverb / adjectival noun / noun:

• deserted (esp. store, market, town, streets); quiet; still; hushed; empty

adjectival noun / noun:

• inactive (business, trade, etc.); slack; flat; off-season; quiet; dull
• idle; free; unoccupied