godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to descend; to go down; to come down
• to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.)
• to pass (of time)
• to surrender; to capitulate
• to be less than; to be inferior to - often in neg. form
• to have the runs; to have diarrhea - also written as 瀉る ➜ 腹が下る
• to pass (in stool); to be discharged from the body
• to depreciate oneself; to be humble - archaism

noun:

• disco dancing with synchronized arm motions

~と adverb:

• falling in (large) drops (e.g. rain, hail); sprinkle (e.g. rain, salt); pattering; clattering (e.g. hail) - onomatopoeia
• flipping through a book; thumbing through a book; riffling cards - onomatopoeia

~と adverb / adjectival noun:

• sparse; scattered (e.g. clumps of grass) - onomatopoeia

~と adverb / ~の noun:

• crumbly (e.g. tofu, cheese, non-sticky rice); loose and falling apart - onomatopoeia

noun:

• star; any light-emitting (or reflecting) heavenly body (except for the sun and the moon)
• offender; perpetrator - police slang - slang
• star point (in go); hoshi; intersection marked with a dot
• circular symbol (said to be shaped like a shining star)
• bullseye
• one's star (out of the nine stars); the star that determines one's fate ➜ 九星
• small dot; spot
• point; score - Sumo term

noun / counter:

• swing; shake; wave; swinging

noun:

• appearance; behaviour - usually written using kana alone
• pretence (pretense); show; pretending (to) - oft. after a noun+の or verb in the dictionary form - usually written using kana alone ➜ 振りをする

noun / ~の noun:

• going to restaurant, hotel etc. without a reservation or introduction - usually written using kana alone

noun:

• move (dance); postures
• lead in (e.g. to a running joke, asking a question); lead up - oft. as フリ - usually written using kana alone ➜ 前振り
• unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment

suffix / counter:

• counter for swords, blades, etc.

noun:

• not wearing underwear or pants - archaism

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to stuff; to shove

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to plunge into; to charge into; to rush into; to ram into; to crash into
• to delve into (a matter); to go into depth; to get to the heart (of something)

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to press (someone) about; to point out (e.g. an inconsistency); to question sharply; to grill
• to get involved with; to meddle in; to poke one's nose into ➜ 首を突っ込む

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to riposte; to retort; to quip

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to stuff; to shove ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to plunge into; to charge into; to rush into; to ram into; to crash into ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】
• to delve into (a matter); to go into depth; to get to the heart (of something) ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to press (someone) about; to point out (e.g. an inconsistency); to question sharply; to grill ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】
• to get involved with; to meddle in; to poke one's nose into ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to riposte; to retort; to quip ➜ 突っ込む【つっこむ】

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to turn over (face down); to lay face down; to lay upside down
• to point downwards (eyes, head, etc.); to cast down (eyes)

ichidan verb / transitive / intransitive verb:

• to lie (one's body) face down; to lie flat (on the ground)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to conceal; to hide; to keep secret; to place in hiding (e.g. troops for an ambush)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to lie down; to retire; to go to bed (with an illness) - usu. 臥せる ➜ 臥せる【ふせる】

noun:

• law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation
• vinaya (rules for the monastic community) - Buddhism term
• Ritsu (school of Buddhism) - abbreviation ➜ 律宗
• lushi (style of Chinese poem) - abbreviation ➜ 律詩
• (musical) pitch - also りち
• six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale ➜ 十二律・呂
• Japanese seven-tone gagaku scale, similar to Dorian mode (corresponding to: re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do) - abbreviation ➜ 律旋

noun / suffix noun / counter:

• (in traditional Eastern music) step (corresponding to a Western semitone)

conjunction:

• if one were to speak of ..., then certainly; if it were the case that ..., then certainly; if it were a ..., then certainly; phrase used to indicate the inevitability of what follows it (based on what precedes it) ➜ 言う・言う
• so that means (when used in sentence-initial position)

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to deal with (a person); to treat; to handle; to take care of; to entertain
• to deal with (a problem); to handle; to manage
• to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to work
• to deal in; to sell
• to cover (a topic); to treat; to discuss; to take up
• to treat A as B - as ＡをＢとして扱う
• to mediate (an argument) - archaism
• to be too much for one; to find unmanageable - archaism
• to gossip - archaism

noun:

• all of creation following their original natures, living and enjoying themselves freely; the kites fly and the fish leap [literal] - four character idiom - obscure term
• Heaven's will that all of creation shall follow their original natures and live freely - four character idiom - obscure term
• as a ruler's benevolence spreads, the people will find their places in the land based on their abilities - four character idiom - obscure term

noun:

• expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state; it should be so; bound to be; expected to be; must be
• nock (of a bow)
• nock (of an arrow)
• nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) - Sumo term ➜ はず押し【はずおし】
• wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out

noun / ~する noun:

• on-the-spot filming or photography

noun:

• live filming (as opposed to animation); actual picture (as opposed to a drawing); photographic image (as opposed to a drawing, computer-generated image, etc.)
• real picture or story (as opposed to fiction, imaginary scene, etc.); describing actual scenes (in writing, drawings, paintings, etc.); documentary (film)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to touch; to come in contact with; to border on; to adjoin; to be adjacent; to be close - archaism ➜ 接する【せっする】
• to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to serve; to take care of; to look after; to deal with; to see - archaism
• to receive (news); to get; to hear - archaism
• to encounter; to come across - archaism

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to make touch; to bring into contact with; to bring adjacent to; to bring close; to connect - archaism

suffix / ichidan verb:

• to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do ➜ 兼ねない

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features
• to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside
• to hesitate to do something (out of consideration for others)
• to think of the future (as well as the present)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to stick; to get stuck; to get caught; to get jammed; to clog
• to be unavailable; to be busy; to be occupied; to be full
• to be piled up (e.g. of work)
• to halt (in one's speech); to stumble (over one's words); to stutter; to stammer
• to feel blocked (of one's chest or throat, due to grief, anxiety, illness, etc.); to feel pressure; to feel pain ➜ 痞える【つかえる】

~する verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to touch; to come in contact with; to border on; to adjoin; to be adjacent; to be close
• to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to serve; to take care of; to look after; to deal with; to see
• to receive (news); to get; to hear
• to encounter; to come across
• to be tangent to - Mathematics term

~する verb (spec.) / transitive:

• to make touch; to bring into contact with; to bring adjacent to; to bring close; to connect

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to fit; to get into; to go into
• to be fit for (a job, etc.); to be suited for; to satisfy (conditions)
• to fall into; to plunge into; to get stuck; to get caught
• to be deceived; to be taken in; to fall into a trap
• to be addicted to; to be deep into; to be crazy about; to be stuck on

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to insert; to put in (such that there is a snug fit); to button; to put on (something that envelops, e.g. gloves, ring)
• to have sex; to fuck - colloquialism
• to pigeonhole (into a particular category)
• to place a ring-shaped object around something (esp. one that restricts freedom, such as handcuffs)
• to entrap; to set someone up (e.g. frame them for a crime, etc.)

godan ~す verb / ~す verb (precursor to modern する) / transitive:

• to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to place under someone's care ➜ 託する
• to have someone deliver (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (through someone); to leave (a message) with someone
• to use (something) to express (one's feelings, opinion, etc.); to express in the form of (something)
• to use as a pretext

~する verb (spec.) / transitive:

• to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to place under someone's care ➜ 託す
• to have someone deliver (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (through someone); to leave (a message) with someone
• to use (something) to express (one's feelings, opinion, etc.); to express in the form of (something)
• to use as a pretext

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to pin down; to hold down; to press down - also written as 圧さえる
• to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to press (a body part)
• to get a hold of; to obtain; to seize; to catch; to arrest
• to grasp (a point); to comprehend
• to quell; to subdue; to suppress; to repress; to hold back; to check; to curb; to contain ➜ 抑える【おさえる】

noun:

• one (esp. of two); the other; one way; the other way; one direction; the other direction; one side; the other side; one party; the other party

conjunction:

• on the one hand; on the other hand ➜ 他方
• whereas; although; but at the same time; meanwhile; in turn

adverbial noun / suffix noun:

• just keeps; being inclined to ...; tending to be ...; tending to do ...; continuously ...; just keeps on ...ing; only - after noun, adjective-stem or plain verb

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to push; to press ［押す］
• to apply pressure from above; to press down ［押す・圧す］
• to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal ［押す・捺す］ ➜ 判を押す
• to affix (e.g. gold leaf) ［押す］
• to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel; to influence ［押す］
• to overwhelm; to overpower; to repress ［押す・圧す］
• to push (events along); to advance (a plan) ［押す］
• to do in spite of ...; to do even though ...; to force ［押す］
• to make sure ［押す］ ➜ 念を押す【ねんをおす】・駄目を押す【だめをおす】
• to be pressed for time ［押す］
• to advance troops; to attack ［押す］
• (of light) to be diffused across an entire surface ［押す］

noun:

• opposite side; bottom; other side; side hidden from view; undersurface; reverse side Antonym: 表【おもて】
• rear; back; behind
• lining; inside
• in the shadows; behind the scenes; offstage; behind one's back
• more (to something than meets the eye); hidden side (e.g. of one's personality); unknown circumstances; different side
• proof ➜ 裏付け
• opposite (of a prediction, common sense, etc.); contrary ➜ 裏をかく
• inverse (of a hypothesis, etc.)
• bottom (of an inning); last half (of an inning) - Baseball term Antonym: 表【おもて】