noun:

• warbler flying from a valley to a tree - orig. meaning ➜ 鶯谷【おうこく】
• finding success in life ➜ 鶯谷【おうこく】
• passing the palace examination ➜ 進士【しんし】

noun:

• looking up and down, from heaven to earth (having nothing to be ashamed of); swearing by Heaven and Earth (having done nothing to be ashamed of) - four character idiom

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to scatter a room (with things); to leave a room a mess; to leave things lying about

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to work out a plan of deception; to scheme; to take in; to dupe; to deceive

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to think up a plan; to think over a plan
• to discuss; to consult

expression / ~する verb (spec.):

• to be embarrassed for a reply; to be at a loss for a reply ➜ 返答に詰まる

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to contend for

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to go after (a prize, record, etc.)
• to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to

pronoun:

• there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener); over there; that place; yonder; you-know-where ➜ どこ・ここ・そこ

noun:

• genitals; private parts ［あそこ・あすこ・アソコ］ - colloquialism
• that far (something psychologically distant from both speaker and listener); that much; that point ➜ あれほど

noun:

• taking photographs for a volume at the request of a publisher
• photographs taken for a volume at the request of a publisher

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to have someone send (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (via someone else); to leave (a message) with someone
• to use as an excuse; to make a pretext of - archaism

expression:

• the beauties of nature as the key poetic theme; the central theme in composing poetry (haiku) must be the beauties of nature and the harmony that exist between nature and man. (The slogan of the Hototogisu School of modern Japanese haiku) - four character idiom ➜ 花鳥風月

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to support; to maintain; to provide for
• to bring up; to raise; to rear; to feed
• to adopt (a child)
• to cultivate (a habit, a quality, etc.); to develop; to build up; to foster
• to recuperate (from injury, illness, etc.)

expression:

• prevention is better than cure; an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure; look before you leap; forewarned is forearmed; a stitch in time saves nine; a walking stick before stumbling [literal] - proverb

expression:

• a bad wife spells the ruin of her husband; a bad wife means a hundred years of bad luck to her husband

noun:

• driving on the left side of the road; driving on the left-hand side of the road; left-hand side driving ➜ 右側通行

noun:

• calling on someone who is ill; enquiry; inquiry ➜ 見舞い

noun:

• obi; kimono sash
• paper wrapper on books, CDs, etc. ［おび］ ➜ 帯紙・帯広告【おびこうこく】

noun / ~する noun:

• union; unity; solidarity
• bundling; binding; tying
• putting on (clothes, armour, etc.) - archaism

interjection:

• hello (e.g. on phone)
• excuse me! (when calling out to someone)

noun:

• chazuke; cooked rice with green tea poured on it - Food term

noun:

• Indianapolis 500-mile race (each year on May 30th)

noun:

• ridged cracks that form in the ice on Lake Suwa

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to sprinkle over (e.g. salt, pepper, etc. on food)

noun / ~する noun:

• appearing on the surface
• symbol; sign

noun:

• distinguishing mark; diagnostic character - Biology term

noun / ~する noun:

• giving the Emperor advice on affairs of state; assistance; counsel

noun:

• offerings of rope, paper, etc. hung on trees in Shinto shrines