ichidan verb / transitive:

• to hide; to conceal
• to lower volume (of a sound or one's voice) so as not to be heard
• to become quiet and inconspicuous

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to pretend not to know; to feign ignorance ➜ 空とぼける
• to tell a lie; to lie

noun:

• volume (sound level)
• volume (books)
• volume; substantial quantity (e.g. hearty meal); bulk; bulkiness; mass ➜ ボリュームサラダ
• any kind of adjustment knob, not necessarily for sound

expression:

• a wholesome household can not be disturbed from the outside; a house divided against itself cannot stand; a firm fence keeps the dogs out [literal] - proverb

expression:

• being so content that one would not mind dying; one can now rest in peace; one ought to be contented with what has been accomplished - idiom

adjective:

• fast; quick; hasty; brisk - esp. 速い, 疾い, 捷い
• early (in the day, etc.); premature - esp. 早い
• (too) soon; not yet; (too) early - esp. 早い
• easy; simple; quick - esp. 早い ➜ 手っ取り早い

noun / ~の noun:

• sacred precincts; sanctuary; consecrated ground; holy ground

noun:

• issue that is regarded as being off-limits; matter that is not up for discussion

noun:

• the right to sunshine; in zoning, the right to have sunlight falling on one's building not be obstructed by new buildings

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• not letting oneself puffed up by one's success; maintaining a serene state of mind when one has achieved a great success - archaism - four character idiom

noun:

• mountain mass; small mountain range; group of mountains that are not part of a large mountain range - obscure term ➜ 山塊

noun:

• the dots of i's and the crosses of t's; (not neglecting) the slightest details - four character idiom ➜ 一点一画もおろそかにしない

noun:

• wisdom tooth
• not knowing who your parents are; person who doesn't know who their parents are

expression:

• (I) won't (say) anything no matter what (expression is followed by negative verb relating to say, answer, etc.) to not (tell) even under any threat ➜ 口が裂けても言えない【くちがさけてもいえない】

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be stubborn; to be obstinate; to be perverse; to not give in ➜ 意地を張る

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be factually incorrect; to differ from the actual facts; to not be the case

adjective:

• thin - in ref. to objects, not to people
• pale; light; faint
• watery; thin; dilute
• weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
• slim (probability, etc.); small
• sparse; patchy; scattered

expression:

• there must be a clear distinction between the upper and lower classes; even new shoes must not be worn on the head [literal] - proverb

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to hold fast to one's ways; to be overly conservative; to not get with the times; to guard the tree stub [literal] - from a fable appearing in the Han Feizi - idiom

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to save face; to keep face; to not lose face

particle:

• yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it? - used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)
• or; whether or not - after each alternative
• some- (e.g. something, someone) - after an interrogative ➜ 何か
• hmm; huh - indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles ➜ とか

prefix:

• very - emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective ➜ か弱い

suffix:

• -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y - suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word ➜ 定か

adverb:

• in that way - archaism

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to not give in; to be obstinate; to be stubborn; to be perverse

noun:

• being still half asleep; being half awake; being not yet quite awake

noun:

• mutual mourning; when one is in mourning, one doesn not make condolence calls or offers of help to others in mourning

expression / noun / ~の noun:

• (something) not coming together (as one had hoped or expected); unfortunate turn of events; unexpected turn; (a) crossbill's beak (which has differently shaped upper and lower parts) [literal] - often as ～の食い違い (with the same meaning) - idiom ➜ 交喙

noun / suffix noun:

• child
• young (animal) ➜ 仔【こ】
• young woman; young geisha - also 娘
• offshoot
• interest ➜ 元も子もない
• new shares - abbreviation ➜ 子株

noun:

• player who is not a dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.) ➜ 親【おや】

noun / suffix noun:

• bird egg - archaism

suffix noun:

• -er (often of young women) - after a noun or -masu stem