noun:

• Eiroku-period swordsmithing school, named for a place in the old Higo province
• sword of the Dotanuki school, usually thicker and heavier than regular Japanese swords
• in fiction, a heavier variant of Japanese sword

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to pass through; to pass by; to go beyond
• to pass (i.e. of time); to elapse
• to have expired; to have ended; to be over
• to exceed; to surpass; to be above
• to be no more than ... - as 〜に過ぎない, etc.

ichidan verb / intransitive verb / suffix:

• to be excessive; to be too much; to be too ... - often used after adjective stems or the -masu stems of verbs - usually written using kana alone

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to drain; to pour; to spill; to shed (blood, tears) ➜ 涙を流す
• to wash away
• to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.); to circulate; to broadcast; to beam
• to cruise (e.g. taxi)
• to float; to set adrift
• to call off (a meeting, etc.)
• to exile; to banish

godan ~ぐ verb / transitive:

• to earn (income); to make (money)
• to score (points, victory); to gain (time); to play (for time)

godan ~ぐ verb / intransitive verb:

• to work hard (at one's job); to labor; to labour; to toil

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to be clear (of a sight, sound, colour, etc.); to be bright; to be vivid; to be crisp
• to be clear-headed; to be alert; to be on the ball; to be wide awake
• to look upbeat; to be perky; to be cheerful - often as 冴えない
• to master (a skill); to excel at; to cleanly execute
• to be satisfying - often as 冴えない ➜ 冴えない
• to become frigid; to become intensely cold - original meaning; now somewhat old-fashioned

adjectival noun / noun / suffix noun:

• method; manner; way; style
• appearance; air
• tendency
• folk song (genre of the Shi Jing) ➜ 六義
• wind (one of the five elements) ➜ 五大

noun:

• piggybacking marketing; the method of making sales by jumping on a bandwagon (like that of a boom, popularity, disaster, etc.) - four character idiom

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct - 造る usu. for large-scale building, manufacturing, etc.; 創る usu. for creating
• to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol)
• to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train ➜ 野菜を作る
• to till
• to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write
• to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose
• to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found
• to have (a child)
• to make up (one's face, etc.)
• to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
• to give a (false) appearance; to feign (a smile, etc.); to put on a show of emotion
• to form (a line, etc.)
• to set (a record)
• to commit (a sin, etc.)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze - esp. 絞る
• to squeeze (fruit to extract juice); to press; to extract; to milk; to express milk - esp. 搾る
• to rack (one's brains); to strain (one's voice)
• to extort; to exploit
• to chew out; to reprimand severely; to rake over the coals; to give a sound scolding; to tell someone off; to scold; to rebuke - often passive voice ➜ 油を絞る
• to drill into; to train
• to narrow down (one's focus); to whittle down
• to gather up (curtain, etc.); to tighten (drawstring)
• to stop down (lens)
• to turn down (e.g. radio)
• to bend (bow); to draw
• to hold down; to constrict; to immobilize - Sumo term

noun:

• method of earning; way of earning

noun:

• production system; production method; manufacturing system

noun:

• maximum-likelihood estimation; maximum likelihood method - Mathematics term

noun:

• dictionary of Chinese characters; kanji dictionary
• dictionary ➜ 辞書

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to draw close to; to edge up to; to snuggle up to; to nestle close to; to cuddle with; to draw closer to

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to calm down; to compose oneself; to regain presence of mind
• to calm down; to settle down; to die down; to become stable; to abate
• to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in
• to be settled; to be fixed; to have been reached - of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.
• to harmonize with; to harmonise with; to match; to suit; to fit
• to be unobtrusive; to be quiet; to be subdued - usu. used pronominally as 落ち着いた ➜ 落ち着いた【おちついた】

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to deal out; to serve out
• to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.); to station

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to put together
• to make up; to fabricate; to invent; to cook up

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to be chipped; to be damaged; to be broken
• to be lacking; to be missing
• to be insufficient; to be short; to be deficient; to be negligent toward
• (of the moon) to wane; to go into eclipse - also 虧ける

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to cross; to intersect; to join; to meet
• to associate with; to mingle with; to consort with
• to have a sexual relationship; to copulate

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to throw down; to bring down; to blow down; to fell; to knock down; to set (something) down on its side; to turn (something) on its side ［倒す］
• to kill; to defeat; to beat
• to overthrow; to trip up; to ruin ［倒す］
• to leave unpaid; to cheat ［倒す］

noun / ~する noun:

• giving one's name (or rank, etc.); self-introduction ➜ 名ノリ
• name readings of kanji

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to pierce; to penetrate; to soak in; to permeate
• to sting (wound or sensitive area, etc.); to smart; to twinge ［染みる・沁みる］
• to be infected (with vice); to be steeped (with prejudice); to be influenced
• to feel keenly; to make a deep impression

godan ~ぶ verb / intransitive verb:

• to fall down; to fall over
• to turn out; to play out ［ころぶ］ - oft. as どう転んでも
• to abandon Christianity (and convert to Buddhism); to apostatize ［ころぶ］ - in early Japanese Christianity
• to roll; to tumble ➜ ころがる
• (for a geisha) to prostitute (herself) in secret - archaism

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to taste; to savor; to savour; to relish
• to appreciate; to enjoy; to relish; to digest
• to experience; to go through; to taste (e.g. victory); to know (e.g. pain)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to finger; to touch; to play with; to fiddle with; to toy with
• to make changes to; to tinker with; to tamper with ［いじる］
• to dabble in; to do as a hobby; to play around with ［いじる］
• to grope; to feel around (in one's pocket, bag, etc.) ［まさぐる］