noun:

• shawm-like instrument played by street vendors (sometimes referred to as a flute) - From Portuguese "charamela" ➜ 哨吶【さない】

noun:

• corn dog (frankfurter on a stick dipped in batter and deep-fried) - From English "American dog"

noun:

• Newtonian telescope (having a secondary mirror at 45 degrees, reflecting light into the eyepiece)

expression:

• caged bird
• person whose freedom has been restricted (esp. a prostitute, mistress, concubine, etc.)

noun:

• huqin (any Chinese string instrument played with a bow)
• biwa (4 or 5-stringed Oriental lute) - archaism ➜ 琵琶

noun:

• homophone; word with the same pronunciation and similar meaning as another but a different written form

noun:

• rolling (something); knocking down - abbreviation
• fishing with multiple hooks on a weighted line ➜ 転がし釣り
• repeatedly buying and selling

noun:

• rotary cutting; thinly slicing into a long strip (e.g. daikon, carrot, wood for plywood, etc.)

noun:

• preserving in alcohol
• pickling one's liver; drinking incessantly; being a souse

auxiliary:

• word used at sentence-end (like a particle) to indicate speculation, volition or invitation - archaism - Kantō, Tōhoku dialect
• should; must ➜ 可き

noun:

• bi (ancient Chinese artifact; flat jade or glass disc with a circular hole in the centre)

noun:

• boiled pine pitch and oil (traditionally used as a glue in archery, etc.)

noun:

• Osaka Incident; plot by Oi Kentaro and the Liberal Party to support a Korean uprising, 1885

noun:

• interior closed room with heavily plastered walls in a Heian palace ➜ 寝殿造り

noun:

• continuously burning light (e.g. at a Buddhist altar)
• roadside lamp that stays lit all night

noun:

• convulsions (in a child); nervousness; short-temperedness
• bug thought to cause children's diseases

expression:

• someone who was just crying quickly cheers up and smiles; a child's emotions change easily

noun:

• young woman who takes walks, etc. with male clients for a charge - From English "stick girl"

noun:

• ghost runner; placeholder used when fewer than 9 members are present on a team - Baseball term

noun:

• sexual activity (at a brothel) involving body lotion and an air mattress - From English "mat play"

noun:

• karuta game in which players race to grab cards associated with a given reading ➜ カルタ・読み札・取り札

noun:

• last death anniversary for which there is a memorial service held (usu. the 32nd or 49th) - Buddhism term ➜ 弔い上げ

noun:

• regular column or opinion piece written by a different person each time - From English "relay column"

expression / noun:

• person who has lost something they used to rely on; a monkey fallen from the tree [literal] - idiom

noun:

• singularity (climate); day in the calendar when a particular weather phenomenon is statistically likely to occur