noun / prefix noun:

• smallness; small item
• short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days) ➜ 小の月
• elementary school - abbreviation ➜ 小学校
• younger or inferior (of two items or people with the same name)
• unit of field area (approx. 400 sq m) - archaism

noun:

• Galapagos phenomenon; Galapagos syndrome; tendency of Japanese products (e.g. cell phones) to be designed specifically for the domestic market, which are therefore unsuccessful overseas and also vulnerable to competition from imports - because the Galapagos contains many endemic species ➜ ガラパゴス化

noun:

• Imperial Diet; legislative assembly of Japan (1889-1947)
• Imperial Diet; legislative assembly of the Holy Roman Empire

expression:

• speak of the devil and he shall appear; speak rumours of someone and they shall appear [literal] - proverb

expression / ichidan verb:

• to make one's story to seem coherent; to adjust one's story to fit the situation ➜ ばつを合わせる

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to ring an alarm bell
• to sound a warning; to blow a whistle; to warn; to raise the alarm; to send a wake-up call - idiom

noun:

• monkey banana (var. of wild banana in the Philippines and Okinawa) (Musa acuminata 'Seniorita'); seniorita banana; var. of banana producing small fruit - From English "monkey banana"

noun:

• matrilineal emperor of Japan; emperor (either male or female) whose mother is (was) a member of the Imperial family but whose father is (was) not - four character idiom ➜ 女性天皇

noun:

• bamboo growing along a river bank
• Japanese timber bamboo (Phyllostachys bambsoides); giant timber bamboo; madake
• Simon bamboo (Pleioblastus simonii)
• prostitute; the life of a prostitute - archaism

expression / adverb:

• at every opportunity; for each and every thing that crops up; with every little thing; whenever possible; whenever the chance arises; at every turn

adverb:

• sound of a small wave hitting the shore; sound of a whip; sound of a slap - onomatopoeia

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to be seized with fear; to be intimidated; to lose one's nerve; to be frightened; to get cold feet; to chicken out; to have the wind up

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to find out; to discover; to notice; to detect
• to select; to pick out
• to look out (from the inside)
• to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)

expression:

• the nail that sticks out gets hammered down; people that stick out too much get punished - proverb ➜ 出る杭は打たれる
• tall trees catch much wind; people that excel at something become disliked - proverb ➜ 出る杭は打たれる

expression:

• the nail that sticks out gets hammered down; people that stick out too much get punished - proverb ➜ 出る釘は打たれる
• tall trees catch much wind; people that excel at something become disliked - proverb ➜ 出る釘は打たれる

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to fling off; to throw off; to case aside; to abandon; to throw to the winds

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to disturb the water; to wake a sleeping dog; to wake a sleeping child [literal]

noun:

• same period of last year; the same month a year ago; year-ago month

noun / suffix:

• idiot; fool; touched in the head (from); out of it (from); space case
• funny man (of a comedy duo); (in comedy) silly or stupid line ➜ 漫才・突っ込み【つっこみ】
• Alzheimer's (impol)

noun:

• colouring; coloring; shade of colour; shade of color
• sex appeal (esp. women); interest in the opposite sex; sensuality; seductiveness; glamor; glamour; sexual passion
• romance; poetry; charm
• desire; interest; inclination; ambition

noun:

• Roche limit; Roche's limit (closest that a natural satellite can come to the center of a planet without disintegrating due to tidal forces)

expression:

• experience is the best teacher; custom makes all things easy; you learn best by doing; practice makes perfect; it is better to grow accustomed than to be taught [literal]

adjectival noun:

• seeming to be for a certain reason; seeming to indicate there are special circumstances; seeming to indicate there is more than meets the eye

adjectival noun / noun:

• no good; not serving its purpose; useless; broken
• hopeless; wasted; in vain; purposeless
• cannot; must not; not allowed

noun:

• neutral point (in go); intersection owned by neither player at the end of a game

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to partition; to divide; to mark off; to itemize
• to direct; to take control; to manage; to take responsibility
• to settle accounts
• to toe the mark