particle:

• while; during; as
• while; although; though; despite; in spite of; notwithstanding ➜ 我ながら
• all; both ➜ 二つながら
• as (e.g. "as always", "as long ago"); in (e.g. "in tears")

noun:

• three countries
• Japan, China & India; Japan, Korea & China; all the world
• Three Kingdoms (in China, 220-280) ➜ 魏【ぎ】・蜀【しょく】・呉【ご】
• Three Kingdoms (in Korea, 57 BCE - 668 CE) ➜ 新羅【しらぎ】・百済【くだら】・高句麗【こうくり】

noun:

• empty air; sky
• shunyata; emptiness; the lack of an immutable intrinsic nature within any phenomenon - Buddhism term
• air force - abbreviation ➜ 空軍

noun / adjectival noun:

• fruitlessness; meaninglessness
• void (one of the five elements) ➜ 五大

~の noun:

• empty (e.g. set) - Mathematics term

noun:

• water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water) - み is generally used in compounds ➜ 湯【ゆ】
• fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid
• flood; floodwaters
• water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout ［みず］ - Sumo term ➜ 力水
• break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout ［みず］ - Sumo term ➜ 水入り

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out Antonym: 入る【はいる】
• to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out
• to move forward
• to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach
• to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth; to turn up; to be found; to be detected; to be discovered; to be exposed; to show; to be exhibited; to be on display
• to appear (in print); to be published; to be announced; to be issued; to be listed; to come out
• to attend; to participate; to take part; to enter (an event); to play in; to perform
• to be stated; to be expressed; to come up; to be brought up; to be raised
• to sell
• to exceed; to go over
• to stick out; to protrude
• to break out; to occur; to start; to originate
• to be produced
• to come from; to be derived from
• to be given; to get; to receive; to be offered; to be provided; to be presented; to be submitted; to be handed in; to be turned in; to be paid
• to answer (phone, door, etc.); to get
• to assume (an attitude); to act; to behave
• to pick up (speed, etc.); to gain
• to flow (e.g. tears); to run; to bleed
• to graduate

adjective:

• fast; quick; hasty; brisk - esp. 速い, 疾い, 捷い
• early (in the day, etc.); premature - esp. 早い
• (too) soon; not yet; (too) early - esp. 早い
• easy; simple; quick - esp. 早い ➜ 手っ取り早い

godan ~ぶ verb / intransitive verb:

• to play; to enjoy oneself; to have a good time
• to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.)
• to be idle; to do nothing; to be unused
• to go to (for pleasure or for study) - as 〜に遊ぶ
• to intentionally throw a ball to lower the batter's concentration - Baseball term

adjective:

• near; close; short (distance)
• close (in time); soon
• close (relationship); friendly; intimate
• closely related
• similar; likeworthy; almost the same

temporal noun / adverbial noun:

• beginning; start; outset; opening

noun:

• first (in line, etc.) - esp. 初め
• origin - esp. 始め
• such as ...; not to mention ... - esp. 始め; as 〜を始め, 〜を始めとして, etc. - usually written using kana alone

noun:

• parent; parents; mother and father ［親］
• dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker ［親］ ➜ 子【こ】
• founder; inventor
• (pet) owner ［親］

~の noun / noun:

• key; parent (organization); main ［親］

noun:

• ancestor; forefather

noun:

• record; minutes; document
• record (e.g. in sports); results; score

~する noun:

• to record; to document
• to set a record (e.g. in sports); to show a result; to reach a value

noun:

• skin
• body (in the context of intimate bodily contact) ➜ 肌を許す

noun / suffix noun:

• surface; grain (e.g. of wood); texture
• disposition; temperament; character; type ➜ 肌が合う

godan ~す verb:

• to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across
• to go over (e.g. with audience)
• to pass time (e.g. a winter)
• to surpass; to be better than; to exceed - often 超す
• to move house
• to go; to come - honorific language ➜ お越し

noun:

• pin (e.g. hairpin, bowling pin, golf pin, etc.)
• one (on dice, in cards, etc.) - From Portuguese "pinta"
• beginning; best ➜ キリ
• kickback

noun:

• ball
• ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone) - Baseball term
• bowl
• board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.) - abbreviation ➜ ボール紙

noun:

• Sunday - abbreviation ➜ 日曜

suffix:

• day (of the month) - also んち or ち

suffix / counter:

• counter for days - also んち or ち

noun / suffix noun / prefix noun:

• Japan - abbreviation ➜ 日本

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to pin down; to hold down; to press down - also written as 圧さえる
• to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to press (a body part)
• to get a hold of; to obtain; to seize; to catch; to arrest
• to grasp (a point); to comprehend
• to quell; to subdue; to suppress; to repress; to hold back; to check; to curb; to contain ➜ 抑える【おさえる】

noun:

• slide
• change (in value or situation); proportional change

~する noun:

• to slide; to slip
• to change (in value, e.g. with a sliding scale); to change (in situation)

counter:

• counter for small animals ［ひき］
• counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size)
• counter for horses ［き］ - archaism

noun:

• roll of cloth

noun:

• beach; seashore
• captured pieces (in the game of go); captured stones - abbreviation - usually written using kana alone ➜ 揚げ浜
• Yokohama - abbreviation ➜ 横浜
• riverbank; riverside - archaism - Ōsaka dialect

suffix noun / noun:

• rise; increase; ascent Antonym: 下がり

noun:

• income; proceeds; return; profit; crop yield
• freshly-drawn green tea (esp. in sushi shops) - abbreviation ➜ 上がり花
• completion; stop; finish
• end result (e.g. of crafts like painting, pottery, etc.); how something comes out

suffix / ~の noun:

• after (rain, illness, etc.)
• ex- (e.g. ex-bureaucrat)

~の noun:

• northbound

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to go under; to pass under; to go through; to pass through
• to dive (into or under the water) ➜ 潜る【もぐる】
• to evade; to get around; to slip past
• to survive; to surmount

noun:

• jar; pot; vase
• dice cup
• depression (i.e. the basin of a waterfall)
• target (when aiming an arrow) - archaism
• (figurative) bull's-eye - usually written using kana alone ➜ 思うつぼ
• key point (of a conversation, etc.) - usually written using kana alone
• acupuncture point; moxibustion point - usually written using kana alone
• nodes on a fingerboard (of a shamisen, etc.) - often ツボ - usually written using kana alone

noun / ~する noun:

• down (opposite of up); becoming lower; being brought down; bringing down
• being down (e.g. with a cold) and unable to continue (work)
• down (e.g. a system); not running (e.g. servers) - IT term
• download; downstream - abbreviation - IT term

noun:

• down (feathers)

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to step back; to move back; to retreat
• to withdraw (from the presence of a superior); to leave; to exit
• to resign; to retire; to quit
• to concede