noun / ~する noun:

• explanation (e.g. for one's actions); excuse; justification; defense; defence

noun / ~する noun:

• extermination (e.g. of pests, demons, bandits); elimination; eradication; destruction; suppression
• making someone renounce worldly desires in order to concentrate on Buddha's teachings - Buddhism term
• curing illness

noun / ~する noun:

• tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents); disposal (e.g. weaponry); destruction
• annulment; cancellation; abrogation; voiding; breaking (e.g. treaty)
• reversal (of an original ruling)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to commit (e.g. crime); to perpetrate; to make (e.g. mistake)
• to break (e.g. rule); to violate; to transgress; to contravene
• to rape; to violate; to ravish; to deflower

noun / ~する noun:

• dramatization (e.g. of a novel); dramatisation; adaptation
• dramatization; embellishment; exaggeration; embroidery

adjectival noun / noun:

• safe (e.g. choice); secure; innocuous; inoffensive
• acceptable; passable; satisfactory; adequate; faultless; without flaw

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to drive in (e.g. nail, stake); to hammer in
• to hit (a ball, etc.); to drive; to smash
• to fire into (e.g. a crowd); to launch (e.g. missiles); to lob (e.g. grenades) ➜ 撃ち込む
• to input (data); to enter
• to devote oneself to; to go heart and soul into; to throw oneself into; to go head over heels for
• to practice hitting (baseball, tennis, etc.) - Sports term
• to hit (an opponent in kendo, boxing, etc.); to get a blow in - Martial Arts term
• to invade one's opponent's territory (in the game of go); to place a stone in an opponent's formation
• to pour (concrete, etc.) into a form

counter:

• counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper)

noun / ~する noun:

• support (e.g. of one's dependents); maintenance

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to manage; to control; to maneuver; to steer
• to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument)
• to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
• to manipulate (a person, public opinion, etc.); to pull the strings; to control from the shadows; to mastermind

noun / ~する noun:

• going to work (e.g. in the morning); coming to work Antonym: 退社

noun / ~する noun:

• strike (i.e. industrial action)

noun / ~の noun:

• long (e.g. novel, film)

noun:

• commercial (e.g. TV)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to seclude oneself; to hide away; to stay inside (one's shell)
• to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.)
• to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be stuffy; to be dense
• to be muffled (e.g. voice)
• to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
• to confine oneself in a temple to pray

suffix noun:

• full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with
• covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)

noun:

• beast (i.e. any animal other than man)
• person reborn into the animal realm - Buddhism term ➜ 畜生道
• brute (i.e. a contemptible human being)

interjection:

• damn it; damn; Christ; for Christ's sake - usually written using kana alone

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to smoke (e.g. fire); to billow smoke; to smoulder; to smolder
• to be hazy; to look dim

suffix:

• -ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite) - indicates nationality, race, origin, etc.
• -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ... - indicates expertise (in a certain field)
• man; person; people - usu. in compound words

adjective:

• refreshing (e.g. feeling, scene, wind, morning air); brisk; bracing; fresh; refreshed

adjective:

• gloomy (e.g. mood); depressing
• irritating; troublesome
• heavy (weather); cloudy

prefix noun:

• the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor"); previous; one-time; former
• pre- (e.g. "premodern") - before the name of an era

~の noun / noun:

• before; earlier ➜ 前【まえ】

noun / ~する noun:

• freebie (e.g. with a purchase); something additional; bonus; an extra
• price reduction; discount
• exaggeration

noun:

• roll (e.g. of cloth)
• winding
• volume (of book)

noun:

• previous generation (e.g. one's parents); family predecessor
• predecessor
• previous age