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たゆたうtayutau・たゆとうtayutou《揺蕩うateji・猶予うateji》 Inflection

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

  • to sway to and fro; to drift about; to flutter; to flicker
  • to be fickle; to be irresolute; to vacillate; to waver
囲う☆【かこうkakou】 Inflection

godan ~う verb / transitive:

  • to enclose; to surround; to encircle; to fence; to wall in
  • to shelter (e.g. a criminal); to shield; to hide; to protect
  • to keep (e.g. a mistress)
  • to store (vegetables, fruit, etc.); to preserve
  • to protect - archaism
JLPTN5
返す☆【かえすkaesu】反す☆ Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to return (something); to restore; to put back - esp. 返す ➜ 帰す【かえす】
  • to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn
  • to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate - esp. 返す

suffix / godan ~す verb:

  • to repeat ...; to do ... back - after the -masu stem of a verb

お金okaneはha明日ashita返すkaesuよyo。 I'll give you back the money tomorrow.

戦闘sentouにni携わるtazusawaru兵士heishiたちtachiはha戦闘sentouがga止んでいるyandeiruときtokiにni好んでkononde、平穏無事なheionbujina時代jidaiをwo想いomoi返すkaesu。 Combat soldiers during peaceful moments like to reminisce of their halcyon days.

JLPTN5
入れる☆【いれるireru】容れる・函れる Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in; to insert; to set (a jewel, etc.); to ink in (e.g. a tattoo)
  • to admit; to accept; to employ; to hire
  • to accept; to comply; to grant; to adopt (a policy, etc.); to take (advice, etc.); to listen to; to pay attention to - esp. 容れる
  • to include
  • to pay (one's rent, etc.)
  • to cast (a vote)
  • to make (tea, coffee, etc.) ➜ 淹れる
  • to turn on (a switch, etc.)
  • to send (a fax); to call

留学生ryuugakuseiもmo入れるireruのnoかしらkashira。 I wonder if exchange students can join this club.

彼女kanojoはhaお茶ochaをwo入れるireru前maeにniお湯oyuがga沸くwakuまでmade待ったmatta。 She waited until the water boiled before making the tea with it.

コンタクトKONTAKUTOをwo入れるireruというtoiuのnoはhaいかがikagaでしょうdeshou？ How about wearing contact lenses?

JLPTN2
まとまるmatomaru☆《纏まる》 Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to find resolution; to be settled; to be agreed on; to be completed
  • to be collected; to be assembled; to be brought together
  • to be well arranged; to be in order; to be unified; to take shape; to be coherent
JLPTN4
始める☆【はじめるhajimeru】創める Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to start; to begin; to commence; to initiate; to originate
  • to open (e.g. a store); to start up; to establish (business. etc.)

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

  • to start ...; to begin to ... - after the -masu stem of a verb ➜ 為始める

問題mondaiはhaいつitsu始めるhajimeruかkaだda。 The question is when to start.

薬kusuriをwo飲みnomi始めるhajimeruとto、すぐにsuguni痛みitamiなどnadoのno症状shoujouはhaとれてtoreteきますkimasuがga、すぐにsuguni潰瘍kaiyouがgaなおるnaoruわけではありませんwakedehaarimasen。 When you start taking medicine it begins working on symptoms, like pain, right away, but that doesn't mean that the ulcer heals right away.

えぐるeguru《抉る・刳る・剔る》くるkuru《刳る》 Inflection

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to gouge; to hollow out; to bore; to excavate; to scoop out
  • to greatly perturb; to cause emotional pain ［えぐる］
  • to get to the bottom of things; to relentlessly bring the truth to light ［えぐる］

傷kizuをwo深くfukakuえぐってegutteはhaならないnaranai、傷kizuをwo新たにaratani作るtsukuruことになるkotoninaruからkara。 Search not the wound too deep lest thou make a new one.

JLPTN3
支える☆【ささえるsasaeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to support; to prop; to sustain; to underlay; to hold up; to defend
  • to hold at bay; to stem; to check

このくらいkonokuraiのno収穫shuukaku量ryouでdeはha、そこsokoのno経済keizaiをwo支えるsasaeruのにnoni十分juubunではありませんdehaarimasen。 That amount of crops isn't enough to support their economy.

走らせる【はしらせるhashiraseru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to dispatch; to make run
  • to drive; to gallop; to sail
  • to run (a program)
  • to rout; to put to flight

列車resshaはha石油sekiyuでde走らせるhashiraseruのですnodesuかka。 Do the trains run on diesel oil?

通りtooriがga凍っていたkootteitaのでnode、車kurumaをwo走らせるhashiraseruことが出来なかったkotogadekinakatta。 Because of the icy streets, we could not drive the car.

JLPTN1
取り締まる☆【とりしまるtorishimaru】取締る・取締まる Inflection

godan ~る verb / transitive:

  • to manage; to control; to supervise; to oversee; to command
  • to crack down on; to keep under strict control; to enforce; to regulate

暴力bouryokuをwo取り締まるtorishimaruのnoはha、政府seifuのno責任sekininであるdearu。 It is up to the government to take action on violence.

辞す★【じすjisu】 Inflection

godan ~す verb:

  • to excuse oneself; to take one's leave ➜ 辞する
  • to quit; to resign; to retire; to leave post
  • to decline; to turn down
  • to not hesitate - adjectivally as 〜を辞さず, etc.
JLPTN3
よすyosu☆《止す》 Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to cease; to desist; to cut it out; to lay off (an activity); to drop (a subject) to abolish; to resign; to give up ➜ 止める【やめる】

彼女kanojoにni話し掛けるhanashikakeruのnoはhaよそうyosou。 Let's not talk to her.

JLPTN1
はじくhajiku☆《弾く》 Inflection

godan ~く verb / transitive:

  • to flip; to snap; to flick
  • to repel
  • to use (an abacus); to calculate
  • to strum; to pluck the strings (of a guitar, etc.)

彼kareはha私のwatashino顔kaoをwo指先yubisakiでdeぽんとpontoはじいたhajiita。 He flicked me in the face.

このkonoレインコートREINKOOTOはha水mizuをwo完全にkanzenniはじくhajiku。 The raincoat sheds water perfectly.

付する☆【ふするfusuru】附する Inflection

~する verb (spec.) / transitive:

  • to affix; to append; to attach
  • to entrust; to refer; to handle (as such)
  • to follow (the leader)
  • to submit (a document, etc.)
すり潰す【すりつぶすsuritsubusu】磨り潰す・擂り潰す・擂りつぶす・磨りつぶす・擂潰すirr. Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to mash; to grind; to pulverize; to pulverise; to deface
  • to dissipate (a fortune); to run through; to lose
付す【ふすfusu】附す Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to affix; to append; to attach ➜ 付する
  • to entrust; to refer; to handle (as such)
  • to follow (the leader)
  • to submit (a document, etc.)
JLPTN3
扱う☆【あつかうatsukau】 Inflection

godan ~う verb / transitive:

  • to deal with (a person); to treat; to handle; to take care of; to entertain
  • to deal with (a problem); to handle; to manage
  • to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to work
  • to deal in; to sell
  • to cover (a topic); to treat; to discuss; to take up
  • to treat A as B - as ＡをＢとして扱う
  • to mediate (an argument) - archaism
  • to be too much for one; to find unmanageable - archaism
  • to gossip - archaism

心理学shinrigakuはha人間ningenのno感情kanjouをwo扱うatsukau。 Psychology deals with human emotions.

彼女kanojoはhaこのkono機械kikaiをwo扱うatsukauのにnoni慣れているnareteiru。 She is used to handling this machine.

ブラウンBURAUNさんsanはha羊毛youmouをwo扱うatsukau商人shouninですdesu。 Mr. Brown is a wool merchant.

JLPTN5
できるdekiru☆《出来る・出きる・出來るold》 Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task
  • to be ready; to be completed
  • to be made; to be built
  • to be good at; to be permitted (to do)
  • to become intimate; to take up (with somebody)
  • to grow; to be raised
  • to become pregnant

妹imoutoはhaもうmou、本honをwo上手jouzuにni読むyomu事kotoがga出来るdekiru。 My little sister can read books well now.

バターBATAAはhaミルクMIRUKUからkara出来るdekiru。 Butter is made from milk.

オレンジORENJIはha暖かいatatakai国kuniでde出来るdekiru。 Oranges grow in warm countries.

JLPTN2
散らす☆【ちらすchirasu】 Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to scatter; to cause a shower of
  • to disperse; to distribute; to spread
  • to resolve (a symptom, condition, etc.); to relieve; to get rid of; to cure
  • to distract; to divert - as 気を散らす, etc. ➜ 気を散らす

suffix / godan ~す verb:

  • to do ... wildly (i.e. disorderly or frequently); to do ... all over the place - after the -masu stem of a verb

私watashiをwoどなりdonari散らすchirasu人hitoはha気にならないkininaranaiわwa。 The ones who shout at me don't bother me.

彼kareはhaムカMUKAつくtsukuとtoしょっちゅうshotchuu汚いkitanai言葉kotobaをwo吐きhaki散らすchirasu。 He often swears when he is angry.

退く☆【ひくhiku】 Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to move back; to draw back; to recede - also written as 引く
  • to lessen; to subside; to ebb
  • to resign; to retire; to quit

彼女kanojoはha蛇hebiをwo見てmite退いたshirizoita。 She drew back when she saw a snake.

彼kareはha役職yakushokuからkara退いたshirizoita。 He retired from office.

判じる【はんじるhanjiru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to judge; to decide
  • to solve; to decipher; to puzzle out; to interpret
  • to divine; to guess; to make out
判ずる【はんずるhanzuru】 Inflection

ichidan ~ずる verb (alt. form of じる verbs) / transitive:

  • to judge; to decide
  • to solve; to decipher; to puzzle out; to interpret
  • to divine; to guess; to make out
JLPTN5
走る★【はしるhashiru】奔る・趨る Inflection

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

  • to run
  • to travel (movement of vehicles); to drive; to flow (e.g. energy)
  • to hurry to
  • to retreat (from battle); to take flight
  • to run away from home - esp. 奔る
  • to elope
  • to tend heavily toward - esp. 趨る
  • to flash; to streak; to shoot through (e.g. pain)

またmataいつかitsuka風fuuのようにnoyouni走るhashiruんだnda。 Someday I'll run like the wind.

ひかりhikari号gouはha東京toukyouとto新大阪shin'oosakaのno間maをwo３時間jikan１０分funでde走るhashiru。 The Hikari runs between Tokyo and Shin-Osaka in three hours and ten minutes.

編集者henshuushaはhaささいなsasaina事実jijitsuをwo読者dokushaにni提供teikyouするsuruのにnoni極端kyokutanにni走るhashiruことkotoがgaよくあるyokuaru。 Editors often go to extremes in providing their readers with unimportant facts.

ぶっ飛ばす【ぶっとばすbuttobasu】打っ飛ばす Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to knock (someone) to their feet; to knock down
  • to send flying; to strike; to fling; to fire
  • to drive away (one's sorrows, worries, etc.); to dispel
  • to drive at terrific speed; to barrel along
JLPTN3
就く☆【つくtsuku】即く Inflection

godan ~く verb:

  • to ascend (the throne); to accede ➜ 付く【つく】
  • to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to be hired; to be employed ［就く］
  • to start (on a journey); to commence; to depart ［就く］
  • to study (under teacher); to be an apprentice ［就く］

友人yuujinのno好意kouiでde職shokuにni就くtsukuことができたkotogadekita。 I was able to get a job through the good offices of my friend.

父chichiはhaもっとmottoよいyoi地位chiiにniつくtsukuためにtameni辞職jishokuしたshita。 Father resigned from his position for a better one.

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