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ピリピリPIRIPIRI・ぴりぴりpiripiri☆ Inflection

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

  • stinging; smarting; tingling; burning - onomatopoeia
  • on edge; nervous; tense - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb:

  • ripping; peeling; tearing - onomatopoeia
  • shrill sound of a whistle - onomatopoeia

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

  • quivering; trembling - onomatopoeia
総領【そうりょうsouryou】惣領・總領old

noun:

  • eldest child; oldest child; first-born child
  • child who carries on the family name
  • pre-ritsuryo official established in key provinces, responsible for administration of his home and surrounding provinces - archaism ➜ 律令制・総領【すべおさ】
  • head of a warrior clan (Kamakura period) - archaism
浮き寝【うきねukine】浮寝irr.

noun:

  • sleeping in a ship
  • sleeping on the surface of the water (of a bird)
  • restless sleep
  • casually sleeping together (e.g. unmarried couple)
さればsareba・しかればshikareba《然れば》

conjunction:

  • that being the case; therefore; so
  • well then, moving on to another topic...
  • (expressing surprise) ...on earth? ［されば］

interjection:

  • that's right ［されば］
牌【はいhai】

noun:

  • medal; shield; badge
  • card on which dharani (etc.) are written ➜ 陀羅尼
  • notice board (in a Zen temple)
  • tile (mahjong, dominos, etc.) ➜ 牌【パイ】
JLPTN5
見る☆【みるmiru】観る・視る Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe
  • to look over; to look on; to assess; to examine; to judge ➜ 診る
  • to look after; to keep an eye on; to take care of - usually written using kana alone ➜ 看る
  • to view (e.g. flowers, movie) - usu. 観る

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

  • to try; to try out; to test - usu. after a conative verb as 〜てみる - usually written using kana alone
  • to see that...; to find that... - usu. after an aconative verb as 〜てみると, 〜てみれば, 〜てみたら, etc. - usually written using kana alone

上司joushiがgaいくらikura立派なrippanaことkotoをwo言ってitteもmo、部下bukaはha、見るmiruところtokoroはhaちゃんとchanto見ているmiteiru。 However fine the words of the management, those working for them see what is to be seen.

頭atamaがgaくらくらkurakuraしているshiteiruのでnode、深くfukaku考えずkangaezuにniいい加減なiikagennaことkotoをwo書いてkaiteみるmiru。 My head is swimming, so I'll try writing any-old stuff without any deep thought.

多くookuのnoアメリカ人AMERIKAjinはhaテレビTEREBIでde「アイ・ラブ・ルーシー」‘AI/RABU/RUUSHII’のno再放送saihousouをwo観るmiruのnoがga好きsukiだda。 Many Americans love to watch reruns of the I Love Lucy show.

今日kyou、朝一asa一でdeポートレートPOOTOREETOのno予約yoyakuがga入っているhaitteiruんnだdaがga・・・どうdouだda？試しにtameshiniやってyatteみるmiruかka？ First thing today there's an appointment for a portrait ... what do you say? Will you try doing it as a test?

JLPTN3
訴える☆【うったえるuttaeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to raise; to bring to (someone's attention)
  • to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.); to work on (one's emotions); to play on (one's sympathies) ➜ 理性に訴える
  • to complain
  • to sue (a person); to take someone to court
  • to resort to (e.g. arms, violence) ➜ 暴力に訴える

同性douseiをwoセクハラSEKUHARAでde訴えるuttaeruことkotoできないdekinaiのnoかしらkashira。 I wonder if you can sue someone of the same sex for sexual harassment?

政府seifuはha通常tsuujouインフレINFUREがgaあるaru水準suijunにni達したtasshita場合baaiはha、物価bukkaのno抑制yokuseiのno措置sochiにni訴えるuttaeru。 Governments usually resort to price control when inflation has reached a certain level.

彼女kanojoはha頭痛zutsuuをwo訴えるuttaeru、それsoreもmoしょっちゅうshotchuuだda。 She complains of headaches, and that very often.

JLPTN3
およそoyoso☆《凡そ》

adverb:

  • about; roughly; approximately ➜ おおよそ
  • generally; on the whole; as a rule
  • completely; quite; entirely; altogether; totally; not at all (with neg. verb)

noun / ~の noun:

  • outline; gist

およそoyosoどれくらいdorekuraiのno価値kachiがgaありますarimasuかka。 What's their approximate worth?

旅tabiはhaおよそoyoso５時間jikanくらいkuraiかかるkakaruでしょうdeshou。 The trip will take approximately five hours.

JLPTN2
おおよそooyoso《大凡・大よそ・凡そ・凡》

adverb:

  • about; roughly; approximately ➜ 凡そ【およそ】
  • generally; on the whole; as a rule
  • completely; quite; entirely; altogether; totally; not at all (with neg. verb)

noun / ~の noun:

  • outline; gist

父chichiはhaおおよそooyoso非hi芸術的なgeijutsutekina人hitoだda。 My father is far from artistic.

彼女のkanojonoおおよそooyosoのno年齢nenreiしかshika知らないshiranai。 We can only know her approximate age.

JLPTN1
傾ける☆【かたむけるkatamukeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to incline; to lean; to tip; to tilt; to slant; to bend; to list
  • to devote oneself to; to concentrate on; to pour one's energy into
  • to ruin; to squander; to empty
  • to drink (alcohol)
JLPTN1
飲み込む☆【のみこむnomikomu】呑み込む☆・飲みこむ・呑みこむ・のみ込む・飲込む・呑込む Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

  • to gulp down; to swallow deeply
  • to understand; to take in; to catch on to; to learn; to digest
  • to engulf; to swallow up
  • to be filled with (people); to be crowded
  • to hold back from saying something; to swallow (one's words)

歯を食い縛るhawokuishibaru、喉元nodomotoまでmadeせりあがったseriagatta感情kanjouをwo強引にgouinni飲み込むnomikomu。 He grits his teeth and forces back his growing fear.

このkonoミシンMISHINのnoこつkotsuをwoのみ込むnomikomuのにnoni、どのくらいdonokurai時間がかかるjikangakakaruのnoかka。 How long does it take to get the hang of this sewing machine?

JLPTN5
締める☆【しめるshimeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to tie; to fasten; to tighten Antonym: 緩める
  • to wear (necktie, belt); to put on
  • to total; to sum ➜ 〆る【しめる】
  • to be strict with ➜ 緊める【しめる】
  • to economize; to economise; to cut down on
  • to salt; to marinate; to pickle; to make sushi adding a mixture of vinegar and salt

運転者untenshaはhaシートベルトSHIITOBERUTOをwoしめるshimeruようにyouni指導shidouされたsareta。 The driver advised us to fasten our seat belts.

飛行機hikoukiがga乱気流rankiryuuにni近付いchikazuiてteいiたtaためtame操縦soujuu士shiはha乗客joukyakuにniシートベルトSHIITOBERUTOをwo締めるshimeruようyou呼びかけyobikakeたta。 As the plane was approaching turbulence, the pilot asked the passengers aboard the plane to fasten their seat belts.

彼kareはha夏natsuのno熱いatsui時期jikiにniネクタイNEKUTAIをwo締めるshimeruのnoをwoいやがるiyagaru。 He hates wearing a tie during the summer heat.

JLPTN5
上☆【うえue】

noun / ~の noun / adverbial noun / suffix noun:

  • above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter)
  • top; summit
  • surface; on
  • before; previous
  • superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder)
  • on top of that; besides; what's more
  • upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after)
  • matters concerning...; as concerns ...
  • since (i.e. "for that reason") - as ...上は

suffix noun:

  • suffix indicating higher social standing - honorific language ➜ 父上
  • place of one's superior (i.e. the throne) - archaism
  • emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo - archaism
  • noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman) - archaism

おo席sekiのno上のueno棚tanaのno中nakaにni入ってhaitteおりますorimasu。 It's in the overhead compartment.

このkono踏台fumidaiをwo使えばtsukaebaクローゼットKUROOZETTOのno上ueにni手が届くtegatodokuよyo。 If you stand on this stool, you can reach the top of the closet.

机tsukueのno上ueにniペンPENがga何本honありますarimasuかka。 Are there any pens on the desk?

寒かったsamukattaうえueにni、風kazeがga強かったtsuyokatta。 It was cold, and, in addition, it was windy.

彼らkareraはha合意gouiのno上ueでde敏速なbinsokuna行動koudouをwoとったtotta。 They acted immediately by agreement.

JLPTN3
ドライブDORAIBU☆ Inflection

noun:

  • drive; trip by car; driving

~する noun / intransitive verb:

  • to (go for a) drive; to go on a trip by car

~する noun / transitive:

  • to drive (e.g. a car)
  • to drive (innovation, change, etc.); to propel

noun:

  • drive - IT term
JLPTN3
向く☆【むくmuku】 Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.)
  • to face (e.g. east); to look out on
  • to point to
  • to be suited to; to be fit for
  • to go in the direction of; to lean towards (of a feeling)

北kitaをwo向くmukuとto、東higashiはha右側migigawaになるninaru。 If you face north, the east is on your right.

足ashiのno向くmukuままmamaにni歩いたaruita。 We let our legs do the leading.

JLPTN1
寝かせる☆【ねかせるnekaseru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to put to bed
  • to lay down lengthwise; to put a thing on its side
  • to set something aside unused; to let lie idle
  • to ferment; to lay down (wine)

彼女kanojoはhaそのsono人形ningyouをwoベッドBEDDOにni寝かせるnekaseruだろうdarou。 She will lay the doll on her bed.

ブランデーBURANDEEをwo、カシKASHIのnoたるtaruにniねかせるnekaseru。 Age brandy in oak casks.

JLPTN1
つまむtsumamu☆《摘む・摘まむ・撮む・抓む》 Inflection

godan ~む verb / transitive:

  • to pinch; to hold (between one's fingers); to pick up (with chopsticks, tweezers, etc.)
  • to pick up and eat; to snack on
  • to pick out (the main point); to summarize; to sum up
  • to bewitch; to possess; to fascinate - usu. as つままれる

息ikiをwo止めてtomete鼻hanaをwoつまみtsumamiなさいnasai。 Hold your breath and pinch your nostrils.

彼女kanojoはha雛菊hinagikuをwo摘むtsumamuのnoをwoやめたyameta。 She stopped picking daisies.

JLPTN1
マークMAAKU☆ Inflection

noun:

  • mark; symbol; insignia; logo; label; emblem

~する noun:

  • to mark; to put a mark on

noun:

noun / ~する noun:

  • paying attention to; focusing on; watching; guarding; marking
  • registering a record (in sport, etc.)

noun:

  • Mach (OS kernel) - IT term
JLPTN1
冴える☆【さえるsaeru】冱える Inflection

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be clear (of a sight, sound, colour, etc.); to be bright; to be vivid; to be crisp
  • to be clear-headed; to be alert; to be on the ball; to be wide awake
  • to look upbeat; to be perky; to be cheerful - often as 冴えない
  • to master (a skill); to excel at; to cleanly execute
  • to be satisfying - often as 冴えない ➜ 冴えない
  • to become frigid; to become intensely cold - original meaning; now somewhat old-fashioned

コーヒーKOOHIIをwo一杯ippai飲むnomuとto頭atamaがga冴えるsaeru。 I feel more alert after drinking a cup of coffee.

ならnara☆・ならばnaraba☆

auxiliary:

  • if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that - hypothetical form of the copula だ, from なり and sometimes classed as a particle
  • as for; on the topic of ［なら］

conjunction:

  • if that's the case; if so; that being the case - colloquialism - abbreviation ➜ それなら
  • if possible; if circumstances allow ［ならば］
刃【やいばyaiba】

noun:

  • blade; sword
  • forged blade; wavy pattern on forged blades ➜ 刃文【はもん】
  • sharpness
  • unhulled rice - obscure term ➜ 籾
JLPTN2
系統★【けいとうkeitou】

noun:

  • system
  • lineage; ancestry; family line
  • group (e.g. of colors) (colours); family (e.g. of languages); party; school (of thought)
  • close (evolutionary) relationship
  • a population sharing a common ancestor (in genetics); strain (e.g. bacterial)

システムSHISUTEMUのnoこのkono予測yosokuされなかったsarenakatta機能kinou不全fuzenはha不適切なfutekisetsuna配線haisen系統keitouによってniyotte引き起こされたhikiokosareta。 This unexpected malfunctioning of the system was caused by improper wiring.

彼kareはha系統keitou立ったtatta調査chousaをwo行うokonauことにしたkotonishita。 He decided to perform systematic research.

条【じょうjou】

noun / counter:

suffix:

非hi暴力bouryokuというのはtoiunoha私のwatashino信仰shinkouのno第dai１条jouだda。 Non-violence is the first article of my faith.

女性joseiがga下半身kahanshinがga見えるmieru状態joutaiでde公道koudouをwo歩いaruiてteいるiruとto公然kouzen猥褻waisetsu罪zaiとtoなりnari、上半身jouhanshin裸hadakaでde歩いaruiてteいるiruとto軽犯罪法keihanzaihou第dai１条jou第dai２０号gouのno罪tsumiとtoなりnariますmasu。 If a women walks on a public street exposing her lower body, it's public indecency. If she walks while exposing her upper body, then it's a violation of article 20(1) of the minor offenses act.

卒【そつsotsu】

noun:

  • low-ranking soldier
  • graduation; outgrowing; moving on (from) - abbreviation ➜ 卒業
  • low-ranking samurai (1870-1872) - abbreviation ➜ 卒族
  • death (of a noble, etc.) - abbreviation ➜ 卒去

タクシーTAKUSHII運転unten手shuにniなっnaたta東大toudai卒sotsuのno木村kimuraさんsanはha誰dareかkaのno物指しmonosashiでde、落ちこぼれochikoboreなnaのnoかもkamoしれshireないnaiけどkedo、運転unten好きsukiならnaraいいiiんnじゃjaないnaiかkaなna。 Kimura is a Tokyo university graduate who became a taxi driver. According to some people's standards, he might be considered a failure, but I think it's fine as long as he likes driving.

JLPTN5
よりyori☆

particle:

  • than
  • from; out of; since; at; on
  • except; but; other than

adverb:

  • more
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Kanji

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© Based on JMdict, KANJIDIC2, and JMnedict, property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, used in conformance with the Group's licence. Example sentences from the Tatoeba project (CC BY 2.0). Kanji stroke order data from the KanjiVG project by Ulrich Apel (CC BY-SA 3.0). See comprehensive list of data sources for more info.

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